Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of cases and control subjects.
| Characteristics | No. (%) of participants |
|---|---|
| Cases n = 398 | |
| Sex | |
| Male | 273 (68.6) |
| Female | 119 (29.9) |
| Transgender | 6 (1.5) |
| Age, years | |
| 1–23 | 92 (23.1) |
| 24–47 | 270 (67.8) |
| 48–71 | 36 (9.1) |
| Lifestyle | |
| Rural | 141 (35.4) |
| Urban | 257 (64.6) |
| Risk Groups | |
| Female sex workers | 50 (12.5) |
| General population | 90 (22.6) |
| Intravenous drug users | 138 (34.6) |
| Male sex workers | 70 (17.5) |
| Men who have sex with men | 50 (12.5) |
| Treatment Status | |
| On Therapy | 119 (30) |
| Newly Diagnosed | 279 (70) |
| CD4 count (cells/ul) | |
| <200 | 131 (33) |
| 200–500 | 154(39) |
| >500 | 113(28) |
| Viral Load (copies/ml) | |
| ≤10,000 | 179 (45) |
| >10,000 | 219 (55) |
| Vitamin D | |
| Deficient | 60 (15) |
| Insufficient | 155 (39) |
| Sufficient | 183 (46) |
| Controls n = 232 | |
| Sex | |
| Male | 136 (58.6) |
| Female | 96 (41.4) |
| Age | |
| 1–23 | 74 (31.8) |
| 24–47 | 139 (59.9) |
| 48–71 | 19 (8.1) |
| Vitamin D | |
| Deficient | 2 (0.86) |
| Insufficient | 48 (20.62) |
| Sufficient | 182 (78.42) |