Table 3.
Serum and plasma concentrations of the candidate blood-based biomarkers of glial activation related to neuroinflammation [mean ± SD (min-max)].
| Candidate blood-based biomarker | All (n = 25) | CN (n = 10) | AD (n = 15) | Mann-Whitney U | Z | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHI3L1 (ng/mL) | 90.7 ± 62.0 (1.5–255.1) | 89.7 ± 66.2 (29.9–213.7) | 97.8 ± 62.8 (32.9–255.1) | 65.0 | −0.56 | 0.579 |
| MCP-1(pg/mL) | 137.2 ± 42.0 (0.8–205.7) | 131.6 ± 32.0 (76.5–190.7) | 148.7 ± 34.6 (84.2–205.7) | 52.0 | −1.28 | 0.202 |
| Clusterin (μg/mL) | 312.4 ± 150.6 (1.31–825.4) | 322.4 ± 104.3 (141.7–478.6) | 327.1 ± 171.1 (130.0–825.4) | 71.0 | −0.22 | 0.824 |
| Fractalkine (pg/mL) | 0.50 ± 0.16 (0.29–0.82) | 0.39 ± 0.08 (0.29–0.51) | 0.56 ± 0.17 (0.32–0.82) | 29.5 | −2.52 | 0.012 |
| sTREM2 (pg/mL) | 6.01 ± 6.18 (0.01–30.0) | 8.31 ± 8.49 (0.04–30.0) | 4.35 ± 4.06 (0.01–12.3) | 50.0 | −1.39 | 0.166 |
*P<0.01(0.05/5).
Abbreviations: CN, cognitively normal; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; CHI3L1, chitinase 3-like protein-1; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1; sTREM2, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2.