Table 1.
A Summary of reported cases of keratitis and endophthalmitis caused by C. gloesporioides species1,2,5,6,18, 19, 20, 21, 22
| Author/Year | Organism(s) | Risk factors | Type of infection | Treatment | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yamamoto et al., 2001 | C. gloeosporioides | Cataract surgery (6 months ago) | Keratitis | Natamycin 5% Fluconazole drops and systemic |
Effective in resolving keratitis |
| Fernandez et al., 2002 | C. gloeosporioides | Trauma plant based liquid or branch Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) |
Keratitis | Either: Amphotericin B 0.15% Natamycin 5% Itraconazole |
All cases sensitive to Amphotericin B and some cases sensitive to Natamycin |
| Shivaprakash et al., 2011 | C. truncatum | Wooden stick trauma Vegetable matter Insect fall Subconjunctival dexamethasone injection |
Keratitis Endophthalmitis |
Amphoterocin B 0.15% Natamycin 5% Plus Itraconazole or Fluconazole Intravitreal Amphotericin B injection (1 patient) + Pars plana vitrectomy for endophthalmitis |
Effective with Amphotericin B plus Natamycin Plus systemic Antifungal therapy – Treatment duration ranged from 30 to 150 days |
| Shiraishi et al., 2011 | C. gloeosporioides | Trauma from organic matter | Keratitis | Topical Voriconazole and Natamycin ointments | Resolution in 2–3 weeks with sensitivities to Amphotericin B |
| Ghatole et al., 2014 | C. truncatum | Trauma from sugarcane tree Plus immunosuppression |
Keratitis | Topical Fluconazole, Natamycin, Gentamicin PLUS Oral Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole |
Resolution of keratitis after 9 days of treatment |
| Lamarca et al., 2016 | C. gloeosporioides | Trauma from orange tree branch | Keratitis | Topical Amphotericin B 0.15% Natamycin 5% Voriconazole 1% PLUS Systemic Voriconazole PLUS Intrastromal Voriconazole Cross-linking and a Penetrating keratoplasty |
Resistant to medical therapy requiring a therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty with complication of a retinal and choroidal detachment which required further surgery Treatment duration – 3 months |
| Bui and Carvounis, 2016 | C. gloesporioides Glomerella species (strain not specified) |
Unknown exogenous causes | Keratitis Endophthalmitis |
Topical and systemic voriconazole Penetrating keratoplasty Vitrectomy |
3 out of 5 cases resulted in resolution of the infection and a BCVA 20/20 |
| Wang et al., 2020 | C. gloeosporioides | Trauma from apple tree branch Trabeculectomy + Periridectomy (2yrs ago) |
Keratitis | Natamycin ointment Then Intravitreal Amphotericin B |
Surgical washout required due to failure of abscess absorption Recommend combination antifungal therapy |
| Hung et al., 2020 | C. gloeosporioides C. truncatum |
Trauma from plant material Immunosuppression |
Keratitis | Topical Amphotericin B 0.15% Natamycin 5% Voriconazole 1% |
C.truncatum patients required evisceration due to corneal perforation complications C. gloeosporioides Responded to topical medical therapy |