Table 2.
PCR and Sequencing Studies on DNA and RNA Biomarkers From Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in Patients With Glioma
| Biomarker | EV Cargo Analyte | Method | Study |
|---|---|---|---|
| IDH1G395A | DNA |
Conventional PCR Fast COLD-PCR |
García-Romero et al26 |
| TERT promoter | DNA | Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) | Muralidharan et al27 |
| PD-L1 | DNA | ddPCR | Ricklefs et al29 |
| EGFRwt, EGFRvIII | mRNA | Semi-nested PCR | Manda et al30 |
| EGFRvIII | mRNA |
Herringbone microfluidic device (EVHB-chip) ddPCR |
Reátegui et al9 |
| 24 immune response and glioma progression-related genes (TIMP-1, IL-8, TGF-β, PD-1, etc.) | mRNA | Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) | Muller et al20 |
| miR-21, miR-103, miR-24, and miR-125 | microRNA | qRT-PCR | Akers et al17 |
| miR-210, miR-185, miR-5194, and miR-449 | microRNA | qRT-PCR | Tabibkhooei et al31 |
| 54 GBM-specific differentially expressed genes | RNA |
Nextera XT kit (Illumina) HiSeq 2000 |
Reátegui et al9 |
| CD9, CD63, and CD81 | RNA | Quantitative PCR (qPCR) | Ricklefs et al18 |