Table 2.
Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis of factors associated with LLNM in whole cohort.
| Characteristics | LLNM, No. (%) | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Presence (n=240) | Absence(n=996) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 141 (58.8%) | 745 (74.8%) | Ref | ||
| Male | 99 (41.3%) | 251 (25.2%) | <0.001 | 1.521 (1.077–2.149) | 0.017 |
| Age (Y) | |||||
| ≥55 | 36 (15.0%) | 190 (19.1%) | |||
| <55 | 204 (85.0%) | 806 (80.9%) | 0.142 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||
| Normal | 143 (59.6%) | 654 (65.7%) | |||
| Overweight | 97 (40.4%) | 342 (34.3%) | 0.077 | ||
| Diabetes | |||||
| Presence | 26 (10.8%) | 160 (16.1%) | Ref | ||
| Absence | 214 (89.2%) | 836 (83.9%) | 0.042 | 1.395 (0.833–2.336) | 0.206 |
| BRAF V600E mutation | |||||
| Negative | 29 (12.1%) | 112 (11.2%) | |||
| Positive | 211 (87.9%) | 884 (88.8%) | 0.714 | ||
| CLT | |||||
| Presence | 78 (32.5%) | 319 (32.0%) | |||
| Absence | 162 (67.5%) | 677 (68.0%) | 0.888 | ||
| Maximum tumor size (cm) | |||||
| ≤1 | 80 (33.3%) | 646 (64.9%) | Ref | ||
| >1 to ≤2 | 99 (41.3%) | 246 (24.7%) | 1.753 (1.206–2.548) | 0.003 | |
| >2 to ≤4 | 52 (21.7%) | 85 (8.5%) | 3.381 (2.075–5.507) | <0.001 | |
| >4 | 9 (3.8%) | 19 (1.9%) | <0.001 | 2.167 (1.015–5.625) | 0.012 |
| The number of foci | |||||
| 1 | 137 (57.1%) | 694 (69.7%) | Ref | ||
| 2 | 49 (20.4%) | 223 (22.4%) | 1.073 (0.712–1.616) | 0.737 | |
| 3 or more | 54 (22.5%) | 79 (7.9%) | <0.001 | 3.254 (2.014–5.257) | <0.001 |
| Bilaterality | |||||
| Absence | 174 (72.5%) | 807 (81.0%) | Ref | ||
| Presence | 66 (27.5%) | 189 (19.0%) | 0.003 | 1.474 (0.832–2.610) | 0.184 |
| Location | |||||
| Middle/Lower | 79 (32.9%) | 558 (56.0%) | Ref | ||
| Upper | 161 (67.1%) | 438 (44.0%) | <0.001 | 2.368 (1.691–3.317) | <0.001 |
| Nodular composition | |||||
| Mixed cystic and solid | 2 (0.8%) | 8 (0.8%) | |||
| Solid | 238 (99.2%) | 988 (99.2%) | 0.963 | ||
| Hypoechogenicity | |||||
| Absence | 11 (4.6%) | 42 (4.2%) | |||
| Presence | 229 (95.4%) | 954 (95.8%) | 0.801 | ||
| A/T | |||||
| ≤1 | 66 (27.5%) | 375 (37.7%) | Ref | ||
| >1 | 174 (72.5%) | 621 (62.3%) | 0.003 | 1.091 (0.773–1.539) | 0.621 |
| Irregular shape | |||||
| Absence | 160 (66.7%) | 766 (76.9%) | Ref | ||
| Presence | 80 (33.3%) | 230 (23.1%) | 0.001 | 1.016 (0.701–1.473) | 0.933 |
| ETE | |||||
| Absence | 192 (80.0%) | 905 (90.9%) | Ref | ||
| Presence | 48 (20.0%) | 91 (9.1%) | <0.001 | 9.145 (4.092–20.439) | <0.001 |
| Microcalcification | |||||
| Absence | 63 (26.3%) | 377 (37.9%) | Ref | ||
| Presence | 177 (73.8%) | 619 (62.1%) | <0.001 | 1.305 (0.904–1.883) | 0.156 |
| CLNM | |||||
| Absence | 28 (11.7%) | 537 (53.9%) | Ref | ||
| Presence | 212 (88.3%) | 459 (46.1%) | <0.001 | 4.261 (2.637–6.887) | <0.001 |
| CLNR | |||||
| <0.5 | 104 (43.3%) | 810 (81.3%) | Ref | ||
| ≥0.5 | 136 (56.7%) | 186 (18.7%) | <0.001 | 2.379 (1.642–3.449) | <0.001 |
PTC, papillary thyroid carcinoma; Y, year; BMI, body mass index; CLT, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis; A/T, aspect ratio (height divided by width on transverse views); ETE, extrathyroidal extension; CLNM, central lymph node metastasis; CLNR, central lymph node ratio; LLNM, lateral lymph node metastasis.