Table 3.
Changes during leakage therapy
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 156) |
Period 1 (n = 79) |
Period 2 (n = 77) |
||
| No. of previous procedures for leakage therapy before start of EVT, mean (95%CI) | 0.9 (0.5–1.3) | 1.4 (0.7–2.2) | 0.4 (0.1–0.8) | .014* |
| Interval from diagnosis of leakage until start of EVT, mean (95%CI), d | 3.8 (1.0–6.6) | 7.2 (1.6–12.7) | 0.3 (0.1–0.7) | .016* |
| Leakage diameter, mean (95%CI), mm | 10.4 (8.7–12.1) | 11.8 (9.2–4.5) | 8.9 (6.9–1.1) | .09 |
| Sepsis at start of EVT | 59 (38.1) | 31 (39.2) | 28 (36.8) | .76 |
| Mechanical ventilation at start of EVT | 52 (33.3) | 34 (43.0) | 18 (23.4) | .009* |
| Duration of leakage therapy, median (quartiles), d | 17 (8–33) | 25 (11–39) | 14 (7–28) | .003* |
| Sponge changes, median (quartiles) | 4 (2–8) | 4 (2–7) | 5 (2–8) | .20 |
| Management on general ward | 66 (42.3) | 31 (39.2) | 35 (45.5) | .63 |
| Total parenteral nutrition during EVT | 97 (62.2) | 49 (62.0) | 48 (62.3) | .97 |
| Local complications during EVT | 28 (17.9) | 16 (20.3) | 12 (15.6) | .29 |
| Stenosis/stricture | 17 (10.9) | 8 (10.1) | 9 (11.7) | .75 |
| Acute bleeding | 3 (1.9) | 1 (1.3) | 2 (2.6) | .54 |
| TBF | 9 (5.8) | 8 (10.3) | 1 (1.3) | .017* |
| Recurrent sepsis | 26 (16.8) | 16 (20.5) | 10 (13.0) | .15 |
| Additional procedures during EVT | 62 (39.7) | 39 (49.4) | 23 (29.9) | .013* |
| Reoperation | 42 (26.9) | 30 (38.0) | 12 (15.6) | .001* |
| Pleural decortication | 16 (10.3) | 14 (17.7) | 2 (2.6) | .004* |
| Percutaneous drainage | 53 (34.0) | 30 (38.0) | 23 (29.9) | .28 |
| Additional procedures after EVT | 32 (20.5) | 14 (17.7) | 18 (23.4) | .38 |
| Endoscopic clip | 19 (12.2) | 3 (3.8) | 16 (20.8) | .001* |
| SEMS | 13 (8.3) | 11 (13.9) | 2 (2.6) | .010* |
Values are n (%) unless otherwise indicated
EVT endoscopic vacuum therapy; 95%CI 95% confidence interval; TBF tracheo- or bronchoesophageal fistula; SEMS, self-expanding metal stent
*P < .05