Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the SWICOS study participants
| All, N = 387 | Men, N = 182 | Women, N = 205 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 48.1 ± 15.7 | 48.5 ± 15.4 | 47.7 ± 16.0 | 0.58 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Arterial hypertension | ||||
| N (%) | 50 (13) | 30 (17) | 20 (9.8) | 0.68 |
| Treated, N | 38 | 21 | 17 | |
| Dyslipidemia | ||||
| N (%) | 62 (16) | 41 (23) | 21 (10) | < 0.001 |
| Treated, N | 34 | 23 | 11 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||
| N (%) | 17 (4.4) | 9 (4.9) | 8 (3.9) | 0.63 |
| Treated, N | 17 | 9 | 8 | |
| Tobacco smoking, N (%) | 77 (20) | 41 (23) | 36 (18) | 0.25 |
| General data | ||||
| Weight, kg (mean ± SD) | 71.2 ± 14.7 | 81.0 ± 12.4 | 62.5 ± 10.4 | < 0.001 |
| Height, m (mean ± SD) | 1.684 ± 0.089 | 1.747 ± 0.066 | 1.629 ± 0.067 | < 0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (mean ± SD) | 25.0 ± 4.1 | 26.6 ± 3.7 | 23.6 ± 3.9 | < 0.001 |
| Overweighta, N (%) | 135 (35) | 90 (49) | 45 (22) | < 0.001 |
| Obesityb, N (%) | 46 (12) | 32 (18) | 14 (6.8) | 0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm (mean ± SD) | 89.6 ± 12.1 | 95.0 ± 11.0 | 84.8 ± 11.0 | < 0.001 |
| Waist to height ratio (mean ± SD) | 0.53 ± 0.07 | 0.54 ± 0.06 | 0.52 ± 0.07 | 0.001 |
| Laboratory datac | ||||
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L (median IQR) | 3.3 [2.6–4.0] | 3.5 [2.8–4.1] | 3.2 [2.5–3.8] | 0.025 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L (median IQR) | 1.2 [0.8–1.7] | 1.5 [1.0–2.2] | 1.0 [0.7–1.3] | < 0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % (median IQR) | 5.2 [5.0–5.4] | 5.3 [5.1–5.5] | 5.2 [5.0–5.4] | 0.002 |
LDL low density lipoprotein
aBody mass index ≥ 25.0–30.0 kg/m2
bBody mass index > 30.0 kg/m2
cN = 380 (202 women and 178 men)