TABLE 3.
Heparin and dermatan sulfate inhibit Vero cell binding by a subset of Lyme disease spirochetes
| Inhibitor | IC50 (μg/ml)a for strain:
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N40 | CA20-2A | PBi | VS461 | HB19-W | HB19-R1 | HB19 clone 1 | |
| Heparin | 8.0 | 1.9 | 3.0 | 0.4 | >500 | >500 | NAb |
| Dermatan sulfate | 32 | 32 | 50 | 35 | >500 | >500 | NA |
| Chondroitin-6-sulfate | >500 | >500 | >500 | >500 | >500 | >500 | NA |
| Chondroitin-4-sulfate | >500 | >500 | >500 | >500 | >500 | >500 | NA |
a
Attachment of B. burgdorferi sensu lato strains to Vero cells was determined in the presence of various concentrations of GAG (see Materials and Methods). IC50 indicates the estimated concentration of GAG at which bacterial binding is 50% of the level of binding in the absence of inhibitor. The percentages of spirochetes bound in the absence of inhibitors were as follows: N40, 21.4 ± 1.3%; CA20-2A, 7.1 ± 0.8%; PBi, 11.4 ± 0.8%; VS461, 17.3 ± 2.0%; HB19-W, 36.1 ± 0.9%; HB19-OspR1, 32.3 ± 1.4%.
b
NA, not applicable (this strain does not bind Vero cells [22]).