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. 2022 Oct 12;14(10):e30241. doi: 10.7759/cureus.30241

Table 1. The usage and application of anesthesia during LASIK surgery.

LASIK: laser in situ keratomileusis

Author (year) Primary anesthetic used Dosage Area of application Post-surgery complications
Abdelkader et al. (2006) [10] Ketamine hydrochloride 50 mg/kg Intramuscular Ectasia
Asensio et al. (2003) [11] Oxybuprocaine 0.4% Topical Changes to corneal thickness
Buratto and Ferrari (1997) [12] Oxybuprocaine 4% Topical Hyper/hypo correction
Demirok et al. (2013) [13] Proparacaine 0.5% Topical Dry eye
Donnenfeld et al. (2003) [14] Proparacaine 1% Topical Dry eye
Donnenfeld et al. (2004) [15] Proparacaine 1% Topical Loss of corneal sensation
Edelhauser (2000) [16] Lidocaine 1% Intraocular N/A
Elder et al. (2000) [17] Lignocaine 4% Topical N/A
Gunton and Armstrong (2010) [18] N/A N/A Topical Diplopia
Konomi et al. (2008) [19] Oxybuprocaine 0.4% N/A Dry eye
Lam et al. (2012) [20] Proparacaine 0.5% Topical N/A
Leaming (2003) [21] Lidocaine N/A Topical N/A
Leaming (2004) [22] Lidocaine N/A Topical N/A
Li et al. (2013) [23] N/A N/A Topical Dry eye
Magli et al. (2009) [24] Oxybuprocaine 2% Topical Esotropia
Mahfouz and Khalaf (2005) [25] Propofol/fentanyl (P/F) and ketamine/midazolam (K/M) N/A Topical N/A
Moshirfar et al. (2014) [26] Tetracaine and proparacaine  0.5% both Topical N/A
Nucci and Drack (2001) [27] Oxybuprocaine or lidocaine 2% Topical Uveitis
Ortak et al. (2013) [28] Proparacaine 0.5% Topical Thinner cornea
Oshika et al. (1999) [29] N/A N/A Topical Posterior capsular rupture
Oshika et al. (2000) [30] N/A N/A Topical Posterior capsular rupture
Oshika et al. (2001) [31] N/A N/A Topical Displacement of the vitreous
Patel et al. (2008) [32] Bupivacaine 10% Topical None
Paysse et al. (2003) [33] Halothane/nitrous oxide N/A Topical None
Primack et al. (2001) [34] Sevoflurane N/A Topical Monocular diplopia
Sachdev et al. (2002) [35] N/A N/A Topical Epithelial defects
Saed and Abdrabbo (2011) [36] Ketamine 1.5–2 mg/kg Intravenous None
Solomon et al. (2003) [37] N/A N/A Topical Lamellar flap
Tanaka et al. (2004) [38] Oxybuprocaine 0.4% Topical Dry eye
Terry and Ousley (2006) [39] Proparacaine N/A Topical Disk dislocation
Toda et al. (2001) [40] Oxybuprocaine 0.4% N/A Dry eye
Toda et al. (2002) [41] Oxybuprocaine 0.4% N/A Dry eye
Wang et al. (2014) [42] Proparacaine 0.5% Topical Respiratory depression, hypoxemia, apnea
Xu and Yang (2014) [43] Ofloxacin 0.3% N/A Dry eye
Yin et al. (2007) [44] Oxybuprocaine 0.4% Topical N/A
Yoon et al. (2009) [45] N/A N/A Topical Dry eye