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. 2022 Oct;10(20):1120. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-4422

Table 1. Basic information and the related inflammatory indexes of the included studies.

Author, year Research object Total cases IL-1β TNF-α IL-6 GPx 8-OHdG ROM CFU
HRW PW HRW PW HRW PW HRW PW HRW PW HRW PW HRW PW HRW PW
Ara (11), 2018 Chronic forced swimming 7 7 5.82±0.67 3.96±0.67 5.98±0.57 9.81±1.79 9.63±2.23 12.02±2.05 0.35±0.03 0.29±0.02
4.93±0.3 5.07±0.75 8.65±0.45 9.06±0.67 14.45±1.34 6.79±0.59 0.36±0.02 0.27±0.04
Asada (12), 2020 Diabetes 9 9 6.35±0.98 7.78±1.13
3.73±0.54 7.78±1.13
Azuma (13), 2015 Periodontitis 7 6 28.22±29.39 55.12±53.39
−24.07±73.48 51.33±90.58
Dobashi (14), 2020 Severe exercise 4 4 303.4±13.8 268.1±9.8
303.5±14.3 273.1±9.5
Kasuyama (17), 2011 Periodontitis 7 7 8.12±0.87 5.88±1.25 0.097±0.036 0.32±0.072 324.68±16.34 382.48±20.79
378.65±32.67 479.53±41.58
Kim (18), 2017 Oral bacteria 18 18 12.18±11.23 189.84±121.96
Lee (19), 2006 Oral bacteria 16 16 231.09±10.51 2037.82±52.52
136.56±21.01 1313.03±42.01
199.58±10.5 1722.69±42.02
199.58±21.01 1817.23±84.03
Lee (20), 2013 Oral bacteria 3 3 228.01±91.21 11902.3±638.4
137.85±47.13 4265.99±447.81
108.48±54.23 5532.2±515.25
Nayak (21), 2021 Chronic periodontitis 20 20 59.55±47.35 81.72±55.63
45.72±30.51 81.72±55.63
53.55±38.71 81.72±55.63
75.2±44.92 115.2±74.11
70.3±37.53 115.2±74.11
61±38.29 115.2±74.11
Saitoh (22), 2022 Gingival cells 6 6 19.19±0.58 19.77±0.07 8.64±0.38 10.27±0.67 7.26±1.81 13.12±2.09
Si (23), 2021 Kidney injury 8 8 140.39±5.77 151.92±1.92 711.54±28.85 788.46±19.23 515.39±46.15 407.69±30.77 1.08±0.058 2.53±0.059
Sim (24), 2020 Healthy adults 20 18 0.73±0.6 1.04±0.59 384.4±96.4 349±56.1
Song (25), 2022 Chronic ulcerative colitis 5 4 3.88±0.92 9.55±1.27 5.66±2.25 10.95±2.3 39.74±11.6 13.91±2.31
Tamaki (26), 2016 Oral palatal wound 6 6 82.11±8.58 198.53±36.76 28.82±3.43 52.5±5.49 8.04±0.97 15.29±2.84 260.59±7.72 372.79±28.98
94.36±17.16 123.78±31.86 37.06±5.15 44.95±4.46 11.67±1.28 13.14±1.37 225.39±5.77 258.36±9.64
Tomofuji (27), 2014 Aging periodontal tissues 6 6 6.79±0.36 1.7±0.1 0.392±0.204 0.644±0.136
0.18±0.04 0.2±0.05
0.17±0.03 0.25±0.04
0.19±0.04 0.27±0.05
Yoneda (28), 2017 High-fat diet 6 6 0.12±0.03 0.17±0.05
Yuan (29), 2018 Traumatic brain injury 6 6 22.87±2.73 9.24±3.08

Data are presented as No. and mean ± standard deviation. HRW, hydrogen rich water; PW, pure water; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; 8-OHdG, 8-hydroxyguanosine; ROM, reactive oxygen metabolites; CFU, colony formation unit.