Table 1. Baseline characteristics in patients with HCC undergoing liver transplantation.
| Variable | Items | All patients (n=242) | Patients beyond Milan criteria (n=140) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n=200) | Lenvatinib (n=42) | P value | Control (n=102) | Lenvatinib (n=38) | P value | |||
| Gender | Male | 173 (86.5) | 40 (95.2) | 0.113 | 90 (88.2) | 36 (94.7) | 0.410a | |
| Female | 27 (13.5) | 2 (4.8) | 12 (11.8) | 2 (5.3) | ||||
| Age (years) | ≤50 | 99 (49.5) | 21 (50.0) | 0.953 | 49 (48.0) | 20 (52.6) | 0.629 | |
| >50 | 101 (50.5) | 21 (50.0) | 53 (52.0) | 18 (47.4) | ||||
| HBsAg | Negative | 39 (19.5) | 11 (26.2) | 0.330 | 19 (18.6) | 10 (26.3) | 0.318 | |
| Positive | 161 (80.5) | 31 (73.8) | 83 (81.4) | 28 (73.7) | ||||
| AFP (ng/mL) | ≤400 | 161 (80.5) | 34 (81.0) | 0.946 | 76 (74.5) | 31 (81.6) | 0.381 | |
| >400 | 39 (19.5) | 8 (19.0) | 26 (25.5) | 7 (18.4) | ||||
| PIVKA-II (mAU/mL) | <100 | 104 (52.0) | 12 (28.6) | 0.006 | 39 (38.2) | 10 (26.3) | 0.189 | |
| >100 | 96 (48.0) | 30 (71.4) | 63 (61.8) | 28 (73.7) | ||||
| Child-Pugh class | A | 128 (64.0) | 33 (78.6) | 0.069 | 69 (67.6) | 30 (78.9) | 0.191 | |
| B-C | 72 (36.0) | 9 (21.4) | 33 (32.4) | 8 (21.1) | ||||
| Cirrhosis | No | 32 (16.0) | 7 (16.7) | 0.915 | 23 (22.5) | 7 (18.4) | 0.597 | |
| Yes | 168 (84.0) | 35 (83.3) | 79 (77.5) | 31 (81.6) | ||||
| Tumor size (cm) | ≤5 | 159 (79.5) | 24 (57.1) | 0.002 | 61 (59.8) | 20 (52.6) | 0.445 | |
| >5 | 41 (20.5) | 18 (42.9) | 41 (40.2) | 18 (47.4) | ||||
| Tumor number | Single | 74 (37.0) | 9 (21.4) | 0.053 | 9 (8.8) | 6 (15.8) | 0.380a | |
| Multiple | 126 (63.0) | 33 (78.6) | 93 (91.2) | 32 (84.2) | ||||
| Edmondson stage | I-II | 111 (55.5) | 20 (47.6) | 0.351 | 51 (50.0) | 18 (47.4) | 0.782 | |
| III-IV | 89 (44.5) | 22 (52.4) | 51 (50.0) | 20 (52.6) | ||||
| mVI | No | 96 (48.0) | 16 (38.1) | 0.242 | 39 (38.2) | 14 (36.8) | 0.880 | |
| Yes | 104 (52.0) | 26 (61.9) | 63 (61.8) | 24 (63.2) | ||||
| CNLC stage | I | 107 (53.5) | 10 (23.8) | <0.001 | 9 (8.8) | 6 (15.8) | 0.380a | |
| II | 93 (46.5) | 32 (76.2) | 93 (91.2) | 32 (84.2) | ||||
| Milan criteria | Within | 98 (49.0) | 4 (9.5) | <0.001 | 0 | 0 | / | |
| Beyond | 102 (51.0) | 38 (90.5) | 102 (100.0) | 38 (100.0) | ||||
| Fudan criteria | Within | 124 (62.0) | 11 (26.2) | <0.001 | 26 (25.5) | 7 (18.4) | 0.381 | |
| Beyond | 76 (38.0) | 31 (73.8) | 76 (74.5) | 31 (81.6) | ||||
| Preoperative TACE | No | 134 (67.0) | 24 (57.1) | 0.222 | 55 (53.9) | 22 (57.9) | 0.674 | |
| Yes | 66 (33.0) | 18 (42.9) | 47 (46.1) | 16 (42.1) | ||||
| Duration of surgery (minutes) | 308.0 [278.0, 332.0] |
308.0 [272.0, 329.3] |
0.563 | 308.00 [284.0, 332.0] |
305.0 [272.0, 330.0] |
0.431b | ||
| Blood loss (mL) | 800.0 [400.0, 1,500.0] |
800.0 [600.0, 1,175.0] |
0.433 | 900.0 [500.0, 1,500.0] |
800.0 [600.0, 1,200.0] |
0.82b | ||
| Warm ischemic time (minutes) | 40.0 [36.0, 44.0] |
40.0 [36.0, 45.0] |
0.822 | 40.0 [36.3, 44.0] |
39.5 [36.0, 45.0] |
0.365b | ||
Categorical variables were summarized as n (%); continuous variables were summarized as median [interquartile range]. a, continuous correction. b, Wilcoxon rank-sum test. AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; CNLC, China Liver Cancer Stage; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; mVI, microvascular invasion; PIVKA-II, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II; TACE, transarterial chemoembolization.