Table 2.
Summary of included comparative studies for outcome evaluation
| No | Study (year) | Mean age | Male gender % | Diabetes% | Chronic kidney disease% | Heart failure% | Sepsis% | Surgery% | SOFA score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Qian et al. 2019 [24] | 61.8 | 58 (63.7) | 14 (15.4) | 0% | 13 (14.3) | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 2 | Prowle et al. 2015 [25] | 70 | 64 (69) | 7 (7) | 37% | 6 (6) | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 3 | Lei et al. 2018 [26] | 60.6 | 91 (60.7) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | Unknown |
| 4 | van Wolfswinkel et al. 2016 [27] | 45.5 | 33 (84.6) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 0% | Unknown |
| 5 | Srisawat et al. 2015 [28] | 39.8 | 94 (83.2) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| 6 | Zeng et al. 2014 [29] | 55.3 | 109 (55.3) | 46 (23.4) | 0% | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 7 | Aydoğdu et al. 2013 [30] | 67.7 | 98 (64.9) | 44 (29.1) | 0% | 55 (36.4) | 129 (85.4) | Unknown | 6 |
| 8 | Liu et al. 2013 [31] | 63 | 72 (66.1) | 28 (25.7) | 10 (9.2) | 22 (20.2) | 19 (17.4) | 100% | Unknown |
| 9 | Wagener et al. 2011 [32] | 54.3 | 60 (65.2) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 10 | Makris et al. 2009 [33] | 46 | 25 (80.6) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 7 |
| 11 | Constantin et al. 2010 [34] | 57 | Unknown | Unknown | 0% | Unknown | 45 (51) | 36 (40.9) | 7 |
| 12 | Cruz et al. 2010 [35] | 64 | 207 (68.8) | 47 (15.6) | 20 (6.6) | Unknown | 115 (38.2) | 137 (45.5) | 5 |
| 13 | de Geus et al. 2011 [36] | 60.1 | 369 (58.4) | Unknown | 0 (0) | Unknown | 43 (6.8) | 192 (30.4) | 8 |
| 14 | Endre et al. 2011 [37] | 60 | 318 (60.2) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 101 (19.1) | 310 (58.7) | 6.3 |
| 15 | Breidthardt et al. 2012 [38] | 80 | 122 (58.9) | 69 (33) | 92 (44) | 103 (50) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| 16 | Camou et al. 2013 [39] | 60.3 | 38 (76) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown | 12 |
| 17 | Doi et al. 2013 [40] | 69 | 92 (63) | 59 (40.4) | 68 (46.6) | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 18 | Gaipov et al. 2015 [41] | 56.7 | 42 (70) | 18 (45) | Unknown | 6 (15) | 3 (7.5) | 100% | Unknown |
| 19 | Cuartero et al. 2019 [42] | 59.1 | 60 (60) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 29 (29) | 39% | 6.5 |
| 20 | Khawaja et al. 2019 [43] | 46.5 | 32 (69) | 2 (4.3) | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown | Unknown |
| 21 | Mosa et al. 2018 [44] | 64 | 97 (53.3) | 57 (31.3) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 22 | Sun et al. 2017 [45] | 65 | 49 (36) | 26 (19) | 9 (7) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| 23 | Ghonemy et al. 2014 [46] | 43 | 32 (64) | 0% | 0% | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 24 | Padhy et al. 2014 [47] | 55.9 | 44 (73.3) | 7 (11.7) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 25 | Geus et al. 2013 [48] (no sepsis) | 57.9 | 347 (59.9) | Unknown | 0% | Unknown | 0% | 0% | Unknown |
| 25 | Geus et al. 2013 [48] (sepsis) | 57.6 | 38 (47.5) | Unknown | 0% | Unknown | 100% | 0% | Unknown |
| 26 | Haase-Fielitz et al. 2009 [49] | 71.8 | 61 (61) | 28 (28) | 0% | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 27 | Hanson et al. 2011 [50] | 35 | 130 (80) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| 28 | Introcaso et al. 2018 [51] | 77 | 44 (63.8) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 29 | Kim et al. 2017 [52] | 70 | 99 (59.3) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown | Unknown |
| 30 | Ferrari et al. 2019 [53] | 68 | 276 (62.4) | 76 (17.2) | 0% | Unknown | 80 (18.1) | 64 (14.5) | 6 |
| 31 | Xie et al. 2019 [54] | 68.2 | 439 (61.1) | 114 (15.9) | 98 (13.6) | Unknown | 87 (12.1) | 103 (14.3) | 7 |
| 32 | Adler et al. 2018 [55] | 63 | 44 (91.7) | 8 (17) | 11 (23) | 42 (88) | 6 (12.5) | Unknown | Unknown |
| 33 | Oezkur et al. 2017 [56] | 68.5 | 70 (70) | Unknown | 0% | 46 (46) | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 34 | Wang et al. 2017 [57] | 60 | 41 (71.9) | 8 (14) | 2 (3.5) | 100% (I-IV) | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 35 | Finge et al. 2017 [58] | 70.5 | 53 (57) | 21 (22.6) | 0% | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 36 | Cuartero et al. 2017 [59] | 55 | 65 (66.3) | 15 (15.3) table S1 | 6 (6.1) table S1 | Unknown | 40 (40.8) | Unknown | 7.5 |
| 37 | Mayer et al. 2017 [60] | 68 | 87 (79.1) | 9 (8.2) | 9 (8.2) | 6 (5.5) | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 38 | Meersch et al. 2014 [61] | 71 | 33 (66) | 20 (40) | 15 (30) | 46 (92) | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 39 | Dusse et al. 2016 [62] | 81.2 | 16 (40) | 13 (32.5) | Unknown | Unknown | 2 (5) | 100% | Unknown |
| 40 | Gunnerson et al. 2016 [63] | 64.3 | 242 (64.5) | 101 (26.9) | 40 (10.7) | 61 (16.3) | 44 (11.7) | 261 (69.6) | Unknown |
| 41 | Wetz et al. 2015 [64] | 72 | 29 (69) | IDDM 10 (23.8) | 26 (61.9) | 18 (42.9) | Unknown | 41 (97.6) | Unknown |
| 42 | Kimmel et al. 2016 [65] | 67 | 241 (67) | 82 (23) | 39 (11) | 81 (22) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| 43 | Pilarczyk et al. 2015 [66] | 69.6 | 48 (80) | 21 (35) | Unknown | 4 (6.7) | 8 (13.3) | 100% | Unknown |
| 44 | Hoste et al. 2014 [67] | 64.5 | 87 (56.9) | unknown | 13 (8.5) | Unknown | 29 (19) | 23 (15) | Unknown |
| 45 | Cummings et al. 2018 [68] | 67 | 269 (67.3) | 123 (30.8) | 132 (33) | 163 (40.8) | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 46 | Katagiri et al. 2012 [69] | 64.25 | 47 (61) | 23 (29.9) | 6 (7.8) | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 47 | Doi et al. 2011 [70] | 66 | 223 (65.8) | 94 (27.7) | Unknown | Unknown | 66 (19.5) | 175 (51.6) | Unknown |
| 48 | Ferguson et al. 2010 [71] | 58 | 111 (69.4) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | AKI group 33 (35.9) | 54 (33.8) | Unknown |
| 49 | Li et al. 2012 [72] | 47 | 22 (88) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 50 | Manabe et al. 2012 [73] | 71.7 | 29 (13.2) | 69 (31.4) | 220 (100) | Unknown | Unknown | 0% | Unknown |
| 51 | Matsui et al. 2012 [74] | 71.7 | 64 (75) | 27 (36) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 52 | Khreba et al. 2019 [75] | 46.3 | 23 (51.1) | 15 (33.3) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 53 | Tu et al. 2014 [76] | 57.3 | 93 (62) | 17 (11.3) | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | 100% | Unknown |
| 54 | Parikh et al. 2005 [77] | 50 | 72 (52.2) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 29 (21) | Unknown | Unknown |
| 55 | Parikh et al. 2004 [78] | 44 | 44 (61.1) | Renal Transplant group 8 (36.4) | 22 (30.6) | Unknown | ATN group 6 (42.9) | 26 (36.1) | Unknown |
| 56 | Han et al. 2009 [79] | 63.56 | 61 (67.8) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 57 | Liangos et al. 2009 [80] | 68 | 74 (72) | 29 (28.2) | Unknown | 23 (22.3) | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 58 | Naggar et al. 2012 [81] | 51 | 16 (40) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 13 |
| 59 | Nickolas et al. 2012 [82] | 64.4 | (52.3) | 29.4% | 25.2 | 8.2% | 3.4% | Unknown | Unknown |
| 60 | Vaidya et al. 2008 [83] | 61.2 | 55% | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 34% | Unknown | Unknown |
| 61 | Nisula et al. 2015 [84] | 63 | 920 (63.9) | 326 (22.7) | 86 (6) | 165 (11.5) | 89 (6.2) | 485 (33.7) | 7 |
| 62 | Nickolas TL et al. 2008 [85] | 60.1 | 331 (51) | Unknown | 106 (16.7) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| 63 | Cho et al. 2013 [86] | 62.9 | 85 (58.6) | 41 (28.3) | 20 (13.8) | Unknown | Unknown | 70 (48.3) | Unknown |
| 64 | Park et al. 2019 [87] | 75 | 67 (47.9) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 85 (60.7) | Unknown | Unknown |
| 65 | Perry et al. 2010 [88] | 65 | 704 (80) | 298 (33.9) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 66 | Shapiro et al. 2010 [89] | 59 | 318 (48) | 188 (28) | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown | Unknown |
| 67 | Thanakitcharu et al. 2014 [90] | 51.1 | 76 (58.5) | 21 (16.2) | Unknown | 54 (35.8 | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 68 | Valette et al. 2013 [91] | 60 | 74 (75) | 15 (15) | 4 (4) | 8 (8) | Unknown | Unknown | 8 |
| 69 | Varela et al. 2015 [92] | 68 | 49 (74) | 15 (23) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 70 | Chen et al. 2012 [93] | 66 | 113 (75) | 92 (61) | Unknown | Unknown | 30 (20) | Unknown | Unknown |
| 71 | Nisula et al. 2014 [94] | 63 | 673 (64.6) | 242 (23.2) | 74 (7.1) | 139 (13.5) | 67 (6.4) | 362 (34.7) | 8 |
| 72 | Maisel et al. 2016 [95] | 68.5 | (62) | (43.6) | (25.9) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| 73 | Matsa et al. 2014 [96] | 60.1 | 104 (56) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 15 (8) | 76 (39) | Unknown |
| 74 | Munir et al. 2013 [97] | 52 | 76 (86) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 75 | Onk et al. 2016 [98] | 66 | 52 (58) | 26 (29) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 76 | Azrina Md Ralib et al. 2017 [99] | 47 | 151 (67) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 129 (57) | 98 (43.6) | 8 |
| 77 | Yang et al. 2016 [100] | 68 | 71 (68.9) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| 78 | Ueta et al. 2014 [101] | 69.7 | 60% | 25 | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 79 | Chang et al. 2015 [102] | 67 | 100 (68) | 63 (43) | 47 (32) | 60 (41) | 17 (12) | unknown | Unknown |
| 80 | Hjortrup et al. 2014 [103] | 66 | 126 (57) | 16 (7) | 47 (21) | Unknown | 100% | 98 (44) | 8 |
| 81 | Chen et al. 2020 [104] | 64 | 202 (75) | 110 (41) | unknown | Unknown | 15 (5.6) | Unknown | Unknown |
| 82 | Wybraniec et al. 2017 [105] | 65 | 69.50% | 39% | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| 83 | Sinkala et al. et al. 2016 [106] | 35.6 | 50 (62.5) | Unknown | 27 (33.75) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| 84 | Torregrosa et al. et al. 2014 [107] | 65.2 | 110 (76.4) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 49% | Unknown |
| 85 | Tekce et al. 2014 [108] | 57.2 | 16 (73) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| 86 | Torregrosa et al. 2012 [109] (M) | 62.6 | 67 (75) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 0% | Unknown |
| 86 | Torregrosa et al. 2012 [109] (S) | 68.8 | 34 (74) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 87 | Matsui et al. 2011 [110] | 73 | 15 (60) | 6 (24%) | 5 (20) | Unknown | 8 (32) | Unknown | Unknown |
| 88 | Parikh et al. 2011 [111] | 71 | 826 (68) | 511 (42%) | Unknown (exclude cre > 4.5) | 314 (26%) | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 89 | Wang 2017 [112] | 58.2 | 54 (54.4) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 90 | Haase-Fielitz et al. 2009 [113] | 69.5 | 61 (61%) | 28 (28%) | 27 (27%) | 25 (25%) | Unknown | 100% | Unknown |
| 91 | Waskowski 2021 [114] | 69.4 | 77 (82.8) | 15 (16.1) | 27 (29) | 14 (15.1) | No | 71 (76.3) | Unknown |
| 92 | Imoto 2021 [115] | 72 | 58 (54.7) | Unknown | Unknown | 10 (9.4) | No | No | Unknown |
| 93 | Lee 2021 [116] | 62 | 95 (66.0) | 53 (36.8) | Unknown | Unknown | No | 100% | Unknown |
| 94 | Szymanowicz 2021 [117] | 68 | 57 (50) | 36 (31.5) | Unknown | 74 (64.9) | No | 100% | Unknown |
| 95 | Zhen 2021 [118] | 61.7 | 110 (63.9) | 48 (27.9) | Unknown | Unknown | No | No | Unknown |
| 96 | Obata 2021 [119] | 69.8 | 57 (89) | 56 (87.5) | Unknown | Unknown | No | 100% | Unknown |
| 97 | Qiu 2021 [120] | 74.7 | 60 (66.7) | 24 (26.7) | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | No | 6.0 |
| 98 | Shakked 2022 [121] | 52 | 31 (59.6) | 21 (40.4) | Unknown | Unknown | No | No | Unknown |
| 99 | Vogel 2021 [122] | 55 | 34 (63) | 7 (13) | 7 (13) | 1 (1.9) | No | No | Unknown |
| 100 | Ergun 2021 [123] | 71.6 | 33 (55) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | No | 100% | Unknown |
| 101 | Pilarczyk 2022 [124] | 69.1 | 33 (32.7) | Unknown | 5 (4.9) | Unknown | No | 100% | Unknown |
| 102 | Okuda 2022 [125] | 75.2 | 33 (68.8) | 9 (18.8) | 12 (25) | Unknown | No | 100% | Unknown |
| 103 | Pei 2022 [126] | 72 | 97 (59.9) | 49 (30.2) | 17 (10.5) | 43 (26.5) | 100% | No | 2 |
| 104 | Jahaj 2021 [127] | 47.2 | 199 (74.8) | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | No | No | 6.4 |
| 105 | Garms 2021 [128] | 49.6 | 63 (67) | 27 (28.7) | 5 (5.3) | Unknown | No | 43 (45.7) | Unknown |
| 106 | Irqsusi 2021 [129] | 68.5 | 50 (100) | 17 (34) | 8 (16) | 47 (94) | No | 100% | Unknown |
| 107 | Guray 2021 [130] | 67.6 | 48 (57.1) | 23 (27.3) | Unknown | Unknown | No | No | Unknown |
| 108 | Tan 2022 [131] | 50.5 | 62 (39.5) | 33 (2.1) | Unknown | Unknown | 100% | 100% | Unknown |
| 109 | Lakhal 2021 [132] | 78.6 | 32 (49.2) | 14 (21.5) | Unknown | Unknown | No | 100% | Unknown |
| 110 | Sahu 2022 [133] | 58.3 | 182 (85.8) | 59 (27.8) | Unknown | 3 (1.4) | No | No | Unknown |
SOFA sequential organ failure assessment