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. 2022 Nov 12;13:517. doi: 10.1186/s13287-022-03201-7

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — A. PKH-26 labeling of hUC-MSC exosomes taken up by RAW264.7 cells. Scale bar = 20 μm. B. Oil red O staining of foamy RAW264.7 cells (left panel). (a) Without any treatment; (b) Ox-LDL treatment for 48 h; (c) Ox-LDL treatment for 48 h after control medium (CM) extract treatment for 24 h; d. Ox-LDL treatment for 48 h after UC-MSC treatment for 24 h. Three fields were randomly selected to calculate the number of red lipid droplets and the number of cells. The fold change is shown by the histogram (right panel). C. Quantitative PCR results showing the endogenous mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in RAW264.7 cells. CM represents control medium extract treatment, and Ex represents UC-MSC exosome treatment. The independent experiment has been repeated for three times. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01. D. Detection of the M2 polarization markers CD206, Arginase-1 and IL-10 in Ox-LDL-treated RAW264.7 cells by quantitative PCR. CM represents control medium extract treatment, and Ex represents UC-MSC exosome treatment. GAPDH mRNA served as reference standard. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01