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. 2022 Nov 9;289(1986):20221300. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1300

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© 2022 The Authors.

Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 5. — Relapse is mainly caused by persister phenotypes. (a) Bacteria are either cleared (yellow line) or survive 8-day AB treatment (dark grey area; periodic dosing is indicated by arrows and AB decay as a gradient). Surviving bacteria either cause immediate treatment failure (greater than 10⁵ CFU, lower dashed line) at the end of treatment (green line) or, due to regrowth from less than 10⁵ CFU, which leads either to relapse (greater than 10⁶ CFU as indicated by the upper dashed line; blue) or no relapse (remaining below 10⁶ CFU; orange) over the course of 10 years. (b) Mean cell numbers (CFU) of each genotype at relapse for a range of AB concentrations used in the treatment (0–50 × MIC). The vertical dashed line shows the MIC_R.