Table 1.
Patient sample before and after matching.
| Covariate | Vitamin D2 | Vitamin D3 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-matching | Post-matching restricted sample | Pre-matching | Post-matching restricted sample | |||||
| Control | Treated | Control | Treated | Control | Treated | Control | Treated | |
| N | 407,860 | 34,710 | 33,216 | 33,216 | 407,860 | 220,265 | 199,498 | 199,498 |
| Age | 64 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 64 | 63 | 64 | 63 |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Female | 8.6% | 1.3% | 12.4% | 12.3% | 8.6% | 11.0% | 9.9% | 10.1% |
| Male | 91.5% | 98.7% | 87.6% | 87.7% | 91.5% | 89.0% | 90.1% | 89.9% |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| Asian | 1.0% | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.0% | 1.7% | 1.4% | 1.5% |
| Black | 11.8% | 36.5% | 34.6% | 33.9% | 11.8% | 21.8% | 18.1% | 17.6% |
| Native American | 1.5% | 1.6% | 1.6% | 1.6% | 1.5% | 2.0% | 1.9% | 1.9% |
| Other race | 3.9% | 4.0% | 4.0% | 4.2% | 3.9% | 4.7% | 4.7% | 4.6% |
| White | 81.8% | 56.7% | 58.6% | 59.1% | 81.8% | 69.8% | 73.9% | 74.4% |
| Condition | ||||||||
| Vitamin D deficient | 34.3% | 52.8% | 50.3% | 51.0% | 34.3% | 50.3% | 45.3% | 46.2% |
| Hypertension | 66.9% | 63.9% | 64.2% | 63.8% | 66.9% | 71.1% | 71.7% | 69.9% |
| Hyperlipidemia | 68.2% | 60.3% | 60.4% | 60.9% | 68.2% | 70.0% | 70.8% | 69.5% |
| Diabetes | 27.3% | 28.9% | 29.2% | 28.6% | 27.3% | 33.8% | 33.4% | 31.9% |
| Needs flu vaccine | 74.3% | 67.0% | 66.5% | 67.4% | 74.3% | 76.3% | 76.7% | 75.7% |
| Reflux | 39.0% | 34.6% | 34.5% | 34.8% | 39.0% | 42.9% | 43.2% | 41.7% |
| Anemia | 19.4% | 17.2% | 17.4% | 17.2% | 19.4% | 22.3% | 22.5% | 21.2% |
| Hypothyroidism | 14.0% | 9.8% | 10.1% | 10.1% | 14.0% | 14.0% | 14.7% | 14.2% |
| Long-term use of medications | 34.8% | 28.1% | 28.6% | 28.5% | 34.8% | 35.6% | 36.4% | 35.3% |
| Limb pain | 17.5% | 14.7% | 14.6% | 14.7% | 17.5% | 19.4% | 19.9% | 18.7% |
| Fatigue | 21.2% | 15.8% | 15.8% | 16.0% | 21.2% | 20.3% | 21.3% | 20.6% |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 18.0% | 11.2% | 11.2% | 11.5% | 18.0% | 17.2% | 18.6% | 17.4% |
| Depression | 26.2% | 31.7% | 30.7% | 30.8% | 26.2% | 36.2% | 33.6% | 33.0% |
| Congestive heart failure | 8.1% | 7.0% | 7.2% | 7.1% | 8.0% | 9.0% | 9.5% | 8.8% |
| Urinary tract infection | 14.0% | 12.3% | 12.0% | 12.4% | 14.0% | 16.0% | 16.3% | 15.3% |
Treated beneficiaries include all beneficiaries that received vitamin D3 between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020 except for beneficiaries that received treatment after infection with COVID-19. These beneficiaries were considered as controls, as were those beneficiaries that never received treatment.
Source: VA and Medicare Claims Data.