Figure 1.

Allelopathic effects on suicidal germination (A–C) and radicle growth (D–F) of 4 broomrape species: Orobanche crenata, Orobanche cumana, Orobanche minor and Phelipanche ramosa induced by extracts prepared from sequential extractions with n-hexane (A,D), dichloromethane (B,E), and ethyl acetate (C,F) of Conyza bonariensis shoots in each figure, bars with different letters are significantly different according to the Tukey test (p < 0.05). Error bars represent the standard error of the mean.