| ALDH1 | aldheyde dehydrogenase 1 |
| BRAF | serine/threonine-protein kinase B-Raf gene |
| CD45 | cluster of differentiation 45 |
| CEA | carcinoembryonic antigen |
| cfNAs | circulating free nucleic acids |
| CK | cytokeratins |
| CONCORD-3 | global surveillance of trends in cancer survival, 2000–2014 |
| cfDNA | cell-free circulating deoxyribonucleic acid |
| CRC | colorectal cancer |
| CTC | circulating tumor cells |
| ctDNA | circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DTC | disseminated tumor cells |
| EpCAM | epithelial cell adhesion molecule |
| FDG-PET | fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography |
| KRAS | c-K-ras protein gene |
| MPR5 | multidrug resistance related protein 5 |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| OS | overall survival |
| PBMCs | peripheral blood mononuclear cells |
| PIK3CA | phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha gene |
| PI3K | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase |
| PFS | progression-free survival |
| TGF-β | transforming growth factor β |