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. 2022 Nov 1;23(21):13348. doi: 10.3390/ijms232113348

Table 1.

Summary of animal research focusing on neurogenesis, neuroplasticity, and cognition.

No. Strain Sex Age Physical Activity Stress Model Main Outcome Reference
1 C57BL/6J male 5 weeks swimming unpredictable mild stress modulation of AKT/GSK-3β/CRMP2 pathway; maintaining microtubule dynamics [58]
2 C57BL/6J male N/A treadmill restraint stress attenuated hippocampal cell death; CREB activation; decreased ROS levels [60]
3 Long–Evans female 7 weeks voluntary wheel running traumatic stress ameliorated stress-induced maladaptive behaviours [57]
4 Sprague–Dawley male 2.5 months treadmill predator scent stress improved morphological features of neurons [59]

AKT—AKT kinase; CREB—cAMP response element-binding protein; GSK-3β—glycogen synthase kinase-3β; ROS—reactive oxygen species.