Figure 2.

Biosynthesis of catechins in Camellia sinensis plant’s leaves via shikimic–cinnamic acid and acetic–malonic metabolic pathways. PAL, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; C4H, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase; CHS, chalcone synthase; CHI, chalcone isomerase; F3H, flavanone 3-hydroxylase; F3′H, flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase; F3′5′H, flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase; DFR, dihydroflavonol 4-Reductase; LAR, leucocyanidin reductase; ANR, anthocyanidin reductase; ANS, anthocyanidin synthase; FGS, flavan-3-ol gallate synthase.