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. 2022 Oct 28;19(21):14104. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192114104

Table 5.

Childbirth outcomes.

IG (n = 102) CG (n = 101) p-Value
Gestational age at delivery 39.54 ± 3.22 39.12 ± 1.51 0.288
Birth weight (g) 3263.16 ± 434.73 3202.98 ± 495.80 0.438
Birth length (cm) 49.96 ± 1.87 49.77 ± 2.29 0.194
Head circumference (cm) 34.64 ± 1.42 34.38 ± 1.29 0.268
Apgar 1 8.79 ± 0.60 8.93 ± 0.74 0.140
Apgar 5 9.90 ± 0.34 10 ± 1.04 0.097
Mode of delivery (n/%)
  Non-instrumental 58/78.9 53/61.6
  Standarized adjusted residuals 2.3 −2.3
  Instrumental 8/11.3 13/15.1
  Standarized adjusted residuals −0.7 0.7
  C-section 7/9.9 20/23.3 0.046
  Standarized adjusted residuals −2.2 2.2