Table 1.
Components of chromatin-remodeling complexes.
| Remodeling Complex | Gene Symbol | Protein Name in Complex | Brief Descriptions of Their Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| SWI/SNF Family | |||
| cBAF complex | SMARCA4 | BRG1 | SMARCA4, as catalytic subunit binds with and pumps DNA along the nucleosome [12]. |
| SMARCA2 | BRM | SMARCA2 is a SMARCA4 homolog and processes helicase and ATPase activities, which is a role highly similar to SMARCA4 [12]. | |
| ACTL6A/B | BAF53A/B | ACTL6A/B can form a heterodimer with ACTB, and bridge the ATPase and base complex [12]. | |
| SMARCJ1/2/3 | BCL7A/B/C | SMARCJ1/2/3 share strong sequence similarity, and bind with SMARCA4 [13]. | |
| SMARCD1/2/3 | BAF60A/B/C | SMARCD1/2/3 facilitate base complex organization [12]. | |
| SMARCB1 | BAF47 | SMARCB1 mediates interaction of the complex with the nucleosome [12]. | |
| SMARCE1 | BAF57 | SMARCE1 facilitates base complex organization [12]. | |
| SMARCC1/2 | BAF155/170 | SMARCC1/2 serve as scaffold in the base module organization [12]. | |
| ACTB | β-actin | ACTB forms a heterodimer with ACTL6A and bridges the ATPase and base complexes [12]. | |
| SMARCL1 | SS18 | SMARCL1 associates with SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 [14]. |
|
| DPF1/3/2 | BAF45B/C/D | DPF1/3/2 are quantitatively associated with SMARCA4 [15]. | |
| ARID1A/B | BAF250A/B | ARID1A/B serve as a structural core in the base complex organization [12]. | |
| SMARCM1/2 | BCL11A/B | SMARCM1/2 bound to the cBAF complex with great stabilities [13]. | |
| PBAF complex | SMARCA4 | BRG1 | SMARCA4 as catalytic subunit binds with and pumps DNA along the nucleosome [12]. |
| SMARCA2 | BRM | SMARCA2 is a SMARCA4 homolog, and processes helicase and ATPase activities which is highly similar to SMARCA4 [12]. | |
| ACTL6A/B | BAF53A/B | ACTL6A/B can form a heterodimer with ACTB, and bridge the ATPase and base complex [12]. | |
| SMARCJ1/2/3 | BCL7A/B/C | SMARCJ1/2/3 share strong sequence similarity, and bind with SMARCA4 [13]. | |
| SMARCD1/2/3 | BAF60A/B/C | SMARCD1/2/3 facilitate base complex organization [12]. | |
| SMARCB1 | BAF47 | SMARCB1 mediates interaction of the complex with the nucleosome [12]. | |
| SMARCE1 | BAF57 | SMARCE1 facilitate base complex organization [12]. | |
| SMARCC1/2 | BAF155/170 | SMARCC1/2 serve as scaffold in the base module organization [12]. | |
| SMARCL1 | SS18 | SMARCL1 associates with SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 [14]. |
|
| ACTB | β-actin | ACTB forms a heterodimer with ACTL6A, and bridges the ATPase and base complex [12]. | |
| SMARCG4 | PHF10 | SMARCG4 can readily access the H3 tails [16]. | |
| ARID2 | BAF200 | ARID2 acts as the structural core for assembly of the DNA-binding lobe [16]. | |
| SMARCI1 | BRD7 | SMARCI1 plays a role in H3 recognition [16]. | |
| PBRM1 | BAF180 | PBRM1 provides a structural basis for histone tail binding [16]. | |
| ncBAF complex | SMARCA4 | BRG1 | SMARCA4, as a catalytic subunit, binds with and pumps DNA along the nucleosome [12]. |
| SMARCA2 | BRM | SMARCA2 is a SMARCA4 homolog, and processes helicase and ATPase activities, which is highly similar to the role of SMARCA4 [12]. | |
| SMARCJ1/2/3 | BCL7A/B/C | SMARCJ1/2/3 share strong sequence similarity, and bind with SMARCA4 [13]. | |
| SMARCD1/2/3 | BAF60A/B/C | SMARCD1/2/3 facilitate base complex organization [12]. | |
| SMARCB1 | BAF47 | SMARCB1 mediates interaction of the complex with the nucleosome [12]. | |
| SMARCE1 | BAF57 | SMARCE1 facilitate base complex organization [12]. | |
| SMARCC1/2 | BAF155/170 | SMARCC1/2 serve as a scaffold in the base module organization [12]. | |
| ACTL6A/B | BAF53A/B | ACTL6A/B can form a heterodimer with ACTB and bridge the ATPase and base complex [12]. | |
| SMARCL1 | SS18 | SMARCL1 associates with SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 [14]. |
|
| SMARCI2 | BRD9 | SMARCI2 contains a bromodomain and a DUF3512 domain, which are essential for the assembly of the ncBAF complex [17]. | |
| BICRA/AL | GLTSCR1/1L | BICRA/AL contribute to the function of chromatin targeting and nucleosome-remodeling [18]. | |
| ACTB | β-actin | ACTB forms a heterodimer with ACTL6A and bridges the ATPase and base complex [12]. | |
| ISWI Family | |||
| NURF complex | SMARCA1 | SNF2L | SMARCA1 is an ATPase which engages nucleosomes and is involved in nucleosome substrate binding [19]. |
| RBBP4 | RBAP48 | RBBP4 is a WD40 repeat containing histone binding protein and is a component of the NURF complex [20]. | |
| RBBP7 | RBAP46 | RBBP7 shares high sequence identity with RBAP48, and has high affinity for histones [21]. | |
| BPTF | BPTF | BPTF is Bromodomain and PHD finger containing transcription factor, and a core subunit of the NURF complex [22]. | |
| CHRAC complex | SMARCA1 | SNF2L | SMARCA1 is an ATPase which engages nucleosomes and is involved nucleosome substrate binding [19]. |
| BAZ1A | ACF1 | BAZ1A is ATP-utilizing chromatin assembly and remodeling factor and catalyzes the ATP-dependent assembly of nucleosome arrays [23]. | |
| CHRAC1/2 | CHRAC-15/17 | CHRAC1/2 are histone-fold proteins, and facilitate ATP-dependent nucleosome sliding [24]. | |
| ACF complex | SMARCA1 | SNF2L | SMARCA1 is an ATPase which engages nucleosomes and is involved in nucleosome substrate binding [19]. |
| BAZ1A | ACF1 | BAZ1A is an ATP-utilizing chromatin assembly and remodeling factor and catalyzes the ATP-dependent assembly of nucleosome arrays [23]. | |
| CHD/mi-2 Family | |||
| NuRD complex | CHD3/4 | Mi-2a/b | CHD3/4 are ATP-dependent remodeling enzymes and catalyze the ATP-dependent assembly of nucleosome arrays [21]. |
| RBBP7 | RBAP46 | RBBP7 ensures a stable platform for binding histones and involves itself in de novo histone H4 acetylation [21]. | |
| RBBP4 | BAP48 | RBBP4 is an essential chaperone for histone tetramer deposition on newly replicated DNA [21]. | |
| GATAD2A/B | p66α/β | GATAD2A/B interact and colocalize with MBD2/3 [21]. | |
| HDAC1/2 | HDAC1/2 | HDAC1/2 participates in the remodeling of chromatin by deacetylating histones [21]. | |
| MTA1/2/3 | MTA1/2/3 | MTA1/2/3 read histone tails and promoters [21]. | |
| MBD2/3 | MBD2/3 | DNA-binding and the connexion to methylation PMID: 25796366 | |
| INO80 Family | |||
| INO80 complex | INO80 | INO80 | INO80 is an ATP-dependent enzyme for chromatin remodeling [25]. |
| ACTL6A | ARP4 | ACTL6A is an actin-related protein, and can hydrolyze or bind ATP [25]. | |
| ACTR5 | ARP5 | ACTR5 is an actin-related protein, and interacts with the insertion of the Ino80p ATPase domain [25]. | |
| ACTR8 | ARP8 | ACTR8 is an actin-related protein, and binds core histones [25]. | |
| UCHL5 | INO80R | UCHL5 is the deubiquitylating enzyme for histones or other chromatin proteins [25]. | |
| TFPT | INO80F | TFPT is a INO80 chromatin-remodeling complex subunit and recruits the complex to regulatory elements of target genes [26]. | |
| RUVBL1/2 | INO80H/J | RUVBL1/2 have ATPase activity and possess DNA/RNA-binding domain [27]. | |
| YY1 | INO80S | YY1 recruits the INO80 complex to its DNA-binding sites [25]. | |
| INO80B/C/D | INO80B/C/D | INO80B/C/D involve in DNA recombination and DNA repair [25]. | |
| CCDC95 | INO80E | INO80E is a INO80 chromatin-remodeling complex subunit and has a coiled-coil domain [26]. | |
| MCRS1 | INO80Q | MCRS1 is a critical histone acetylation regulator with an FHA domain [28]. | |
| NFRKB | INO80G | NFRKB as nuclear factors related to κB bind specifically to NF-κB DNA-binding sites [25]. | |