Table 1.

Summary of the characteristics of included references.

Types of Study		No. in References	N	%	Total No. of Participants
Quantitative methods	Survey	[4,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34]	21	72.4	23,260
	Secondary data analysis	[35]	1	3.4	2000
	Data analytic after interviews	[36]	1	3.4	118
Qualitative methods	Individual interview	[37,38,39]	3	10.4	435
Mixed methods	FGI and survey	[40]	1	3.4	1561
	Individual interview and Survey	[41,42]	2	6.9	160
Characteristics of the Sample
Age	Children	[22,26,28,41]	4	13.8	614
	Children and parents (or caregivers)	[23,27,36]	3	10.4	2396
	Adolescents	[15,20,31,32,33,35,39]	7	24.1	6965
	Adolescents and parents (or caregivers)	[16,17,21,29,30,34,37]	7	24.1	11,515
	Adults	[4,18,24,25,40]	5	17.2	5782
	General	[19,38,39]	3	10.4	262
Location, year, and EF scale of Tornadoes
The U.S.	Missouri and Alabama (2011)	[15,16,17,18,20,21,23,24,25,28,29,30,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,41]	20	69.2	22,922
	Oklahoma (2001)	[27]	1	3.4	198
	Oklahoma (2006)	[22,26]	2	6.9	204
	Oklahoma (2013)	[19,42]	2	6.9	181
	Middle Tennessee (2020)	[4]	1	3.4	221
	Minnesota (1998)	[31]	1	3.4	2000
	Non-specific	[40]	1	3.4	1561
Outside of the U.S.	China (2016)	[32]	1	3.4	247
EF scale	EF5	[15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,29,30,33,34,35,36,38,41,42]	20	69.2	24,488
	EF4	[4,28,31,32,37,39]	6	20.7	1235
	EF3	[27]	1	3.4	198
	Not specified	[26,40]	2	6.9	1613