Figure 6.

Schematic representation of some mechanotransduction pathways activated on PDL cells by the reported physical stimuli (i.e., compression, stretch, and shear stress). (a) External compression applied on rat primary PDLSCs can induce the activation of TRPV4 and consequently modulate bone remodeling [130]; (b) external cyclic stretch can promote the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs by activating the Nrf2 [146]; (c) shear stress applied to hPDL cells can activate p38, which regulates the nuclear translocation YAP, promoting cell proliferation [162].