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. 2022 Nov 2;27(21):7474. doi: 10.3390/molecules27217474

Table 4.

Growth analysis of stem and leaf in the fruiting stage in papaya.

Treatments Plant Height
(m plant−1)
Stem Diameter
(cm plant−1)
Chlorophyll SPAD
CK 2.47 ± 0.06 f 36.67 ± 4.36 bc 9.42 ± 1.45 f
C 2.52 ± 0.06 e 33.33 ± 3.51 d 15.01 ± 1.51 c
L 2.64 ± 0.05 cd 36.00 ± 1.00 bcd 13.64 ± 2.61 d
N 2.73 ± 0.05 b 38.33 ± 2.08 abc 15.59 ± 2.96 c
CL 2.67 ± 0.06 c 40.67 ± 4.51 a 19.71 ± 2.73 b
CN 2.62 ± 0.10 d 35.33 ± 0.58 cd 24.15 ± 1.43 a
LN 2.84 ± 0.03 a 38.67 ± 0.58 ab 19.84 ± 2.94 b
CLN 2.86 ± 0.09 a 41.00 ± 1.73 a 20.23 ± 1.54 b
NT 2.53 ± 0.08 e 35.33 ± 3.79 cd 11.82 ± 0.98 e
ANOVA
Ns Ns ***
*** *** ***
*** * ***
C×L ** *** ***
C×N *** Ns *
L×N Ns Ns ***
C×L×N ** Ns ***

CK—the control without the use of bio-pesticides, C—use of 0.50 g L−1 Chitosan, L—use of 10.00 g L−1 Lentinan, N—use of 0.05 g L−1 Ningnanmycin, CL—Chitosan plus Lentinan, CN—Chitosan plus Ningnanmycin, LN—Lentinan plus Ningnanmycin, CLN—Chitosan plus Lentinan plus Ningnanmycin. All the above treatments were applied by means of root irrigation with 200 mL, foliar spraying with 200 mL, and then inoculation with PRSV virus. NT was a negative control without PRSV inoculation. Each papaya plant was irrigated with 5 L and sprayed with 6 L biological pesticide, once every 7 to 14 days. NT was a negative control without PRSV inoculation. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level. *—p < 0.05, **—p < 0.01, ***—p < 0.001, Ns—Not significant.