Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of participants (n = 173).
| Characteristics | Below 18 Years Old | 18–24 Years Old | Above 24 Years Old | Total | p-Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
| Total | 36 | 20.8 | 109 | 63.0 | 28 | 16.2 | 173 | 100.0 | |
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 10 | 27.8 | 15 | 13.8 | 7 | 25.0 | 32 | 18.5 | 0.11 |
| Female | 26 | 72.2 | 94 | 86.2 | 21 | 75.0 | 141 | 81.5 | |
| Education | |||||||||
| Below high school and high school | 35 | 97.2 | 8 | 7.3 | 2 | 7.1 | 45 | 26.0 | <0.001 |
| College | 1 | 2.8 | 25 | 22.9 | 4 | 14.3 | 30 | 17.3 | |
| Tertiary and higher | 0 | 0.0 | 76 | 69.7 | 22 | 78.6 | 98 | 56.7 | |
| Current location | |||||||||
| Urban | 23 | 63.9 | 51 | 46.8 | 5 | 17.9 | 79 | 45.7 | <0.001 |
| Suburban | 2 | 5.6 | 16 | 14.7 | 9 | 32.1 | 27 | 15.6 | |
| Rural/mountain area | 11 | 30.6 | 42 | 38.5 | 14 | 50.0 | 67 | 38.7 | |
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Single | 32 | 88.9 | 107 | 98.2 | 8 | 28.6 | 147 | 85.0 | <0.001 |
| other (married/widowed/not want to share) | 4 | 11.1 | 2 | 1.8 | 20 | 71.4 | 26 | 15.0 | |
| Currently living with | |||||||||
| Family | 35 | 97.2 | 83 | 76.2 | 26 | 92.9 | 144 | 83.2 | <0.001 |
| Others | 1 | 2.8 | 26 | 23.9 | 2 | 7.1 | 29 | 16.8 | |
| The number of social networks used | |||||||||
| 1 | 6 | 16.7 | 6 | 5.5 | 2 | 7.1 | 14 | 8.1 | 0.12 |
| ≥2 | 30 | 83.3 | 103 | 94.5 | 26 | 92.9 | 159 | 91.9 | |
| Social networks used | |||||||||
| 36 | 100.0 | 106 | 97.2 | 26 | 92.9 | 168 | 97.1 | 0.18 | |
| Zalo | 20 | 55.6 | 94 | 86.2 | 26 | 92.9 | 140 | 80.9 | <0.001 |
| Youtube | 29 | 80.6 | 87 | 79.8 | 15 | 53.6 | 131 | 75.7 | 0.01 |
| 18 | 50.0 | 75 | 68.8 | 8 | 28.6 | 101 | 58.4 | <0.001 | |
| 14 | 38.9 | 17 | 15.6 | 2 | 7.1 | 33 | 19.1 | <0.001 | |
| Snapchat | 10 | 27.8 | 18 | 16.5 | 1 | 3.6 | 29 | 16.8 | 0.03 |
| 9 | 25.0 | 19 | 17.4 | 0 | 0.0 | 28 | 16.2 | 0.01 | |
| The main purpose of using social networks | |||||||||
| Talk with friends | 19 | 52.8 | 49 | 45.0 | 8 | 28.6 | 76 | 43.9 | 0.04 |
| Update news | 14 | 38.9 | 49 | 45.0 | 19 | 67.9 | 82 | 47.4 | |
| Play games | 3 | 8.3 | 2 | 1.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 2.9 | |
| Other | 0 | 0.0 | 9 | 8.3 | 1 | 3.6 | 10 | 5.8 | |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p-Value | |
| Age | 16.4 | 0.5 | 19.9 | 1.2 | 28.8 | 2.1 | 20.6 | 4.1 | <0.001 |
| Years of use of social networks | 4.3 | 3.1 | 5.7 | 2.3 | 8.9 | 3.4 | 5.9 | 3.0 | <0.001 |
| Time using social platforms/day (hour s ) | 3.9 | 3.0 | 4.7 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.1 | 4.3 | 2.7 | <0.001 |
| Number of social platforms used | 1.8 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 0.10 |
|
Fear of missing out (FOMO Scale)
(range: 10–50) |
28.4 | 10.7 | 26.0 | 8.3 | 22.0 | 9.6 | 25.8 | 9.2 | 0.02 |
|
Stress associated with neglect and negative reactions by online Peers
(range: 8–40) |
18.5 | 7.5 | 17.6 | 8.1 | 12.3 | 6.7 | 16.9 | 8.0 | <0.001 |
| Stress associated with neglect by other users (SSN) (range: 4–20) |
8.9 | 4.1 | 8.2 | 4.2 | 6.0 | 3.5 | 8.0 | 4.1 | 0.02 |
| Stress associated with negative reactions by other users (range: 4–20) |
9.7 | 3.9 | 9.3 | 4.4 | 6.3 | 3.5 | 8.9 | 4.3 | <0.001 |