Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of the participants.
| Variables | Studied Groups | p * | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VEGAN | VEGE | PESCA | OMN | ||
|
n = 53 F/M: 37/17 % F: 67.9 |
n = 52 F/M: 48/4 % F: 92.3 |
n = 28 F/M: 24/4 % F: 85.7 |
n = 43 F/M: 27/16 % F: 62.8 |
||
| Age, years | mean ± SD | 0.120 | |||
| 30.2 ± 8.3 | 28.1 ± 7.6 | 31.0 ± 10.1 | 30.0 ± 6.1 | ||
| Exercise, level | n (%) ** | 0.377 | |||
| low activity [<150 min/week] |
11 (20.7) | 7 (13.5) | 2 (7.1) | 5 (11.7) | |
| medium activity [150–300 min weekly] |
32 (60.4) | 36 (69.2) | 21 (75.0) | 25 (58.1) | |
| high activity [>300 min/week] |
10 (18.9) | 9 (17.3) | 5 (17.9) | 13 (30.2) | |
| Smoking | n (%) ** | 0.060 | |||
| never | 44 (83.0) | 40 (76.9) | 16 (57.1) | 36 (83.7) | |
| Occasionally [approx. 1–3 cigarettes/week] |
4 (7.5) | 8 (15.4) | 7 (25.0) | 1 (2.3) | |
| regularly small amounts [less than a pack/day] |
3 (5.7) | 4 (7.7) | 5 (17.9) | 6 (14.0) | |
| regularly large amounts [more than a pack/day] |
2 (3.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Sleep, h/night | n (%) ** | 0.821 | |||
| ≤6 | 6 (11.3) | 13 (25.0) | 4 (14.3) | 7 (16.3) | |
| 6–8 | 39 (73.6) | 35 (67.3) | 23 (82.1) | 33 (76.7) | |
| ≥9 | 8 (15.1) | 4 (7.7) | 1 (3.6) | 3 (7.0) | |
| Vodka consumption | n (%) ** | 0.116 | |||
| never | 40 (75.5) | 34 (65.4) | 18 (64.3) | 22 (51.2) | |
| rare | 10 (18.9) | 13 (25.0) | 5 (17.8) | 15 (34.9) | |
| monthly | 3 (5.6) | 5 (9.6) | 4 (14.3) | 6 (13.9) | |
| weekly | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
| daily | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
F/M—female/male. * p was calculated to evaluate the differences between groups concerning selected variables. ** n (%)-the number of participants and their percentage content in the study group.