Table 3.

Direct/indirect effect between greenery exposure indoors and depressive symptoms.

Path relationship	Estimates	Boot SE	p-value	Bias-corrected 95%CI		Percentile 95%CI
HP→DEP	−0.105	0.055	0.067	−0.215	0.007	−0.215	0.007
HP→RS→CF→DEP	−0.009	0.006	0.043	−0.026	0.001	−0.025	0.001
HP→CF→DEP	−0.010	0.015	0.441	−0.044	0.018	−0.041	0.021
HP→RS→LON→DEP	−0.011	0.009	0.057	−0.036	0.001	−0.031	0.002
HP→LON→DEP	−0.048	0.045	0.282	−0.134	0.040	−0.133	0.042
GA→DEP	−0.073	0.057	0.209	−0.185	0.036	−0.186	0.036
GA→RS→CF→DEP	−0.013	0.007	0.004	−0.031	−0.004	−0.028	−0.003
GA→CF→DEP	0.027	0.018	0.054	−0.001	0.071	−0.003	0.066
GA→RS→LON→DEP	−0.015	0.01	0.033	−0.043	−0.001	−0.038	0.001
GA→LON→DEP	−0.050	0.046	0.266	−0.141	0.041	−0.142	0.040
DN→DEP	−0.086	0.045	0.045	−0.176	−0.002	−0.175	−0.001
DN→RS→CF→DEP	−0.034	0.011	0.000	−0.062	−0.016	−0.060	−0.015
DN→CF→DEP	−0.016	0.012	0.151	−0.044	0.007	−0.041	0.008
DN→RS→LON→DEP	−0.038	0.021	0.045	−0.085	−0.001	−0.083	−0.001
DN→LON→DEP	−0.047	0.037	0.205	−0.121	0.026	−0.122	0.025
GV→DEP	−0.042	0.043	0.336	−0.128	0.045	−0.128	0.045
GV→RS→CF→DEP	−0.018	0.007	0.000	−0.038	−0.008	−0.035	−0.007
GV→CF→DEP	−0.028	0.014	0.006	−0.063	−0.007	−0.058	−0.006
GV→RS→LON→DEP	−0.021	0.012	0.037	−0.051	−0.001	−0.048	−0.001
GV→LON→DEP	−0.130	0.034	0.000	−0.201	−0.066	−0.198	−0.065

Note: HP, house plants; GA, gardening activities; GV, green view; DN, digital nature; RS, restorativeness; CF, COVID-19 fear; LON, loneliness; DEP, depressive symptoms; 5000 bootstrap samples. Estimates with significant p-values (p < .05) are shown in bold.