Figure 10.
mRNA expression for pro-inflammatory cytokines was elevated by MnCl2 exposure and inhibited in a gradual dose-dependent manner by MCC950 in rat brain samples evaluated by qPCR. (a) relative TNFα gene expression, (b) relative IL-18 gene expression, (c) relative IL-1β gene expression. All mRNA values were normalized to the housekeeping mRNA, GAPDH, and expressed as a fold-induction over the control sample (set at a value of 1). Data represented as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.001 vs. control group.