Table 1.
Experts’ evaluations of indicators of age-friendliness of Taiwan’s cities based on a modified Delphi method.
| Domain/Indicator Number | First Round | Second Round | Third Round | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Importance | Community Enforceability | Generality | Development Possibilities | Importance | Community Enforceability | Generality | |||||||||||||||
| SD | Mo | Mean | SD | Mo | Mean | SD | Mo | Mean | SD | Mo | Mean | SD | Mo | Mean | SD | Mo | Mean | SD | Mo | Mean | |
| Outdoor Space and Buildings | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1.1 | 0.52 | 4 | 4.33 | 0.63 | 4 | 4.00 | 0.63 | 4 | 4.00 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
| 1.2.1 | 0.55 | 5 | 4.50 | 1.21 | 5 | 3.67 | 1.03 | 3 | 3.33 | ||||||||||||
| 1.2.2 | 0.55 | 5 | 4.50 | 1.38 | 5 | 3.50 | 1.21 | 4 | 3.33 | ||||||||||||
| 1.3 | 0.52 | 4 | 4.33 | 1.05 | 4 | 3.50 | 0.98 | 3 | 3.17 | ||||||||||||
| 1.4 | 0.55 | 5 | 4.50 | 0.75 | 4 | 4.17 | 1.10 | 4 | 4.00 | 1.03 | 5.00 | 4.33 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.84 | 5.00 | 4.50 | 0.52 | 5.00 | 4.67 |
| 1.5 | 0.55 | 5 | 4.50 | 0.52 | 4 | 4.33 | 0.52 | 4 | 4.33 | 0.82 | 5.00 | 4.67 | 0.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 0.82 | 5.00 | 4.67 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 |
| Transportation | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2.1 | 0.41 | 4 | 4.17 | 0.63 | 4 | 4.00 | 0.63 | 4 | 4.00 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
| 2.2 | 0.41 | 5 | 4.83 | 1.63 | 5 | 3.33 | 1.21 | 3 | 3.67 | ||||||||||||
| 2.3 | 0.84 | 5 | 4.50 | 0.84 | 5 | 4.50 | 0.84 | 5 | 4.50 | 0.82 | 5.00 | 4.67 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.82 | 5.00 | 4.67 | 0.52 | 5.00 | 4.67 |
| 2.4 | 0.82 | 5 | 4.33 | 0.98 | 5 | 4.17 | 1.26 | 5 | 4.00 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
| 2.5 | 0.52 | 5 | 4.67 | 0.75 | 4 | 4.17 | 1.10 | 4 | 4.00 | 1.03 | 5.00 | 4.33 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 |
| 2.6 | 0.98 | 3 | 3.83 | 1.21 | 4 | 2.67 | 1.17 | 3 | 3.17 | ||||||||||||
| 2.7 | 0.98 | 3 | 3.83 | 0.75 | 4 | 3.83 | 0.89 | 4 | 4.00 | ||||||||||||
| 2.8.1 | 1.22 | 5 | 4.50 | 1.21 | 5 | 4.33 | 1.21 | 5 | 4.33 | 0.82 | 5.00 | 4.67 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 |
| 2.8.2 | 1.22 | 5 | 4.50 | 1.21 | 5 | 4.33 | 1.21 | 5 | 4.33 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
| Housing | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 3.1 | 1.17 | 5 | 3.83 | 0.98 | 4 | 3.17 | 0.98 | 4 | 3.17 | ||||||||||||
| 3.2 | 1.17 | 5 | 4.17 | 1.17 | 4 | 3.83 | 1.21 | 3 | 3.67 | ||||||||||||
| 3.3 | 0.41 | 4 | 4.17 | 0.55 | 4 | 3.50 | 1.05 | 3 | 3.50 | ||||||||||||
| 3.4 | 0.75 | 4 | 3.83 | 0.41 | 4 | 3.83 | 0.75 | 4 | 3.83 | ||||||||||||
| Social Participation | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 4.1 | 0.41 | 5 | 4.83 | 0.52 | 5 | 4.67 | 0.52 | 5 | 4.67 | 0.82 | 5.00 | 4.67 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 |
| 4.2 | 0.82 | 5 | 4.33 | 0.75 | 4 | 4.17 | 0.75 | 4 | 4.17 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
| 4.3 | 1.10 | 4 | 4.00 | 1.10 | 4 | 4.00 | 1.10 | 4 | 4.00 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
| 4.4 | 0.98 | 5 | 4.17 | 0.75 | 4 | 3.83 | 0.63 | 4 | 4.00 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
| 4.5 | 1.26 | 5 | 4.00 | 1.10 | 4 | 4.00 | 1.22 | 3 | 3.50 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
| 4.6 | 0.63 | 4 | 4.00 | 0.55 | 4 | 3.50 | 0.84 | 3 | 3.50 | ||||||||||||
| Respect and Social Inclusion | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 5.1 | 0.82 | 3 | 3.67 | 1.37 | 3 | 3.33 | 0.98 | 3 | 3.83 | ||||||||||||
| 5.2 | 1.17 | 5 | 3.83 | 0.98 | 4 | 3.83 | 1.21 | 5 | 3.67 | ||||||||||||
| 5.3 | 0.82 | 5 | 4.33 | 1.33 | 3 | 2.83 | 1.21 | 5 | 3.67 | ||||||||||||
| 5.4 | 1.51 | 5 | 3.67 | 1.10 | 3 | 3.00 | 1.33 | 3 | 3.17 | ||||||||||||
| 5.5 | 1.47 | 4 | 3.83 | 1.38 | 4 | 3.50 | 1.51 | 4 | 3.67 | ||||||||||||
| Civic Participation and Employment | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 6.1 | 1.17 | 5 | 4.17 | 1.26 | 5 | 4.00 | 1.33 | 5 | 3.83 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
| 6.2.1 | 0.41 | 4 | 3.83 | 1.22 | 4 | 3.50 | 1.17 | 3 | 3.17 | ||||||||||||
| 6.2.2 | 0.55 | 4 | 3.50 | 1.05 | 3 | 2.50 | 0.89 | 3 | 3.00 | ||||||||||||
| 6.3 | 1.17 | 5 | 3.83 | 1.33 | 4 | 2.83 | 0.98 | 4 | 3.17 | ||||||||||||
| Communication and Information | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 7.1 | 0.89 | 5 | 4.00 | 0.63 | 4 | 4.00 | 0.84 | 3 | 3.50 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
| 7.2 | 0.55 | 5 | 4.50 | 0.84 | 5 | 4.50 | 0.98 | 5 | 4.17 | 1.10 | 3.00 | 4.00 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 |
| 7.3 | 0.41 | 5 | 4.83 | 0.84 | 5 | 4.50 | 0.98 | 5 | 4.17 | 1.03 | 5.00 | 4.33 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 |
| Community Support and Health Services | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 8.1 | 0.52 | 5 | 4.67 | 0.52 | 5 | 4.67 | 0.55 | 5 | 4.50 | 1.10 | 3.00 | 4.00 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 |
| 8.2 | 0.52 | 5 | 4.67 | 0.52 | 5 | 4.67 | 0.82 | 5 | 4.33 | 0.82 | 5.00 | 4.67 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 | 0.41 | 5.00 | 4.83 |
| 8.3 | 0.75 | 4 | 4.17 | 0.75 | 3 | 3.17 | 0.63 | 3 | 3.00 | ||||||||||||
| 8.4 | 0.82 | 5 | 4.33 | 0.75 | 4 | 4.17 | 0.41 | 4 | 4.17 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||
| 8.5 | 0.82 | 5 | 4.33 | 0.84 | 5 | 4.50 | 0.89 | 5 | 4.00 | 0.63 | 3.00 | 3.00 | |||||||||