Table 3.

Main plant herbal products with anti-aging effects acting on skin pigmentation.

Plants	Effects	Refs
Cassia fistula	In vitro inhibition of l-DOPA oxidation by tyrosinase	[43]
Citrus junus	In vitro inhibition of l-DOPA oxidation by tyrosinase Inhibition of melanin synthesis in melanoma cells	[39]
Curcuma heyneana	In vitro inhibition of l-DOPA oxidation by tyrosinase	[52]
Eugenia dysenterica	In vitro inhibition of l-DOPA oxidation by tyrosinase	[26]
Hibiscus sabdariffa	In vitro inhibition of tyrosinase activity Downregulation of MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 gene expression Reduction in MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 levels	[53]
Litchi chinensis	Reduction in melanin content in human fibroblasts Inhibition of tyrosinase activity in melanoma cells Inhibition of TRP-2 activity in melanoma cells	[28]
Magnolia officinalis	In vitro reduction in melanin content in CCD-966KS cells	[29]
Malaxis acuminata	In vitro inhibition of l-DOPA oxidation by tyrosinase	[30]
Penthorum chinense	Inhibition of melanin content in B16F10 cells	[47]
Prosopis cineraria	In vitro inhibition of l-DOPA oxidation by tyrosinase Reduction in melanin content in a clinical trial	[63]
Tamarindus indica	In vitro inhibition of melanin synthesis in melanoma cells Decrease in tyrosine mRNA and protein level	[28]

l-Dopa = l-3,4- dihydroxyphenylalanine; MITF = Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor; TRP-2 = Tyrosinase-related proteins-2.