Table 2.
The percentages of values exceeding the upper normal limits of each laboratory test in the study groups.
| Men | Abstainers | Alcohol Consumers | Type of Alcohol Preferred | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wine | Beer | Cider Or Long Drink | Spirits | Mixed | |||
| % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |
| GGT ≥ 60U/L | 11.8 | 18.9 a | 17.3 a | 18.4 a | 11.8 f | 23.1 a,d | 17.9 a |
| ALT ≥ 50 U/L | 9.3 | 13.1 b | 11.0 | 12.6 c | 16.1 | 14.7 b | 13.8 b |
| Cholesterol ≥ 5 mmol/L | 63.0 | 69.3 a | 65.7 f | 67.9 a | 61.1 f | 73.4 a,e | 72.6 a,f |
| HDL ≤ 1 mmol/L | 25.4 | 15.2 a | 14.2 a | 14.5 a | 20.1 | 17.4 a,f | 14.9 a |
| LDL ≥ 3 mmol/L | 61.4 | 65.3 b | 60.8 f | 63.8 | 65.6 | 68.8 a,f | 69.1 a,f |
| Triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/L | 34.2 | 35.1 | 31.9 | 33.8 | 36.8 | 39.6 a,e | 35.7 |
| CRP-hs ≥ 3 mg/L | 19.0 | 18.3 | 15.5 c,f | 17.1 c | 17.9 | 23.8 a,d | 17.9 |
| MCV > 96 fL | 11.4 | 18.2 b | 16.7 | 19.4 b | 10.0 | 20.4 b | 15.6 |
| Women | |||||||
| GGT ≥ 40U/L | 10.5 | 12.3 b | 11.8 | 12.1 c | 7.9 e | 16.7 a,e | 12.9 c |
| ALT ≥ 35 U/L | 8.2 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 8.9 | 7.5 | 12.2 c | 8.2 |
| Cholesterol ≥ 5 mmol/L | 67.1 | 62.1 a | 63.4 b | 58.7 a,e | 58.7 a | 66.3 f | 64.9 |
| HDL ≤ 1.2 mmol/L | 20.0 | 11.7 a | 10.7 a | 12.0 a | 17.0 d | 14.8 b,f | 9.4 a,f |
| LDL ≥ 3 mmol/L | 59.4 | 52.9 a | 53.8 a | 50.4 a | 52.2 | 56.5 | 54.7 c |
| Triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/L | 21.0 | 15.1 a | 14.6 a | 15.0 a | 16.3 c | 19.3 e | 13.7 a |
| CRP-hs ≥ 3 mg/L | 24.0 | 20.4 a | 20.2 a | 18.7 a | 22.4 | 26.5 d | 20.2 b |
| MCV > 96 fL | 17.1 | 18.8 | 21.5 | 15.5 | 0.0 | 28.6 | 20.0 |
ap < 0.001 b p < 0.01 c p < 0.05 for comparisons with abstainers, d p < 0.001 e p < 0.01 f p < 0.05 for comparisons with the total group of alcohol consumers. For MCV, n = 1715 (1115 men, 600 women). ALT, alanine aminotransferase; CRP, C-reactive protein; GGT, gamma glutamyl transferase; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; MCV, mean corpuscular volume.