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. 2022 Nov 1;23(21):13358. doi: 10.3390/ijms232113358

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Mechanisms involved in the influence of helminth infections on the microbiota. Helminths can modify the gut microbiota composition by several mechanisms and are generally associated with a more diverse gut microbiota. AMPs, antimicrobial products; B, B cell; Eos, eosinophil; ESPs, excretory-secretory products; IgE, immunoglobulin E; Mφ, macrophage; Th2, type 2 helper T cell.