Table 9.

Commonly used molecular techniques applied in AAB identification and genotyping.

Technique	Level	Advantage	Disadvantage
PCR-RFLP	Species	Rapid, cheap, and easy to set up; suitable for genotyping of AAB isolates	Difficult to identify small insertions and expensive, unable to discriminate closely related species
DGGE	Species	Rapid and cost-effective; suitable for estimation of AAB diversity	Cannot discriminate closely related species.
Real-time PCR	Species	Rapid, reliable and quantitative; suitable for comparing microbial abundance.	Complex and expensive
RAPD	Strain	Quick and simple	Low reproducibility, as the quality and concentration of template DNA influence the results
ALFP	Strain	Can be used for any DNA samples of any origin, and reveal multiple polymorphic bands in one lane.	Complex and sensitive