Fig. 6.

T_H17 cytokine production can be rescued with catecholamine supplementation, but T-lymphocyte TH is not necessary for T_H17 polarization, nor does it rely on mitochondrial redox. A) CD4⁺ T-lymphocytes were isolated and activated with 10 μM of respective catecholamines supplemented. After 72 h, spent culture media was collected and assessed for cytokines by Meso Scale Discovery T_H17 (Combo 2) assay. Cytokine concentrations are normalized to TH^Con and final cell counts. N = 5 for respective genotypes and treatments. P-values represent nonparametric, paired measures ANOVA multiple comparisons tests (Friedman) compared to TH^Con vehicle. B) CD4⁺ T-lymphocytes were isolated, activated, and cultured under T_H17 polarizing conditions for 5 days, then analyzed by flow cytometry. Left, Representative zebra plot. Right, TH17 T-lymphocytes following polarization; p-value by unpaired t-test. N = 6, 6 for respective genotypes. C) Following RSDS or control-housing exposure, splenic T-lymphocytes (CD3ε+) were stained with MitoSox Red to assess mitochondrial superoxide levels. N = 6, 6, 5, 5 for respective genotypes and treatments. Two-way ANOVA results, Stress p < 0.0001, Genotype p = 0.7096, Interaction p = 0.8952.