TABLE 1.
Demographics, clinical characteristics, OSA-related parameters, DED incidence, and sleep quality in OSA cases and relevant controls.
| Variables | Control (n = 125) | OSA (n = 125) | P |
| Demographics | |||
| Age (year) | 53.72 ± 13.03 | 54.12 ± 12.99 | 0.809 |
| Gender (no. of female, %) | 48 (38.4) | 48 (38.4) | 0.552 |
| OSA related parameters | |||
| AHI (events/h) | 1.58 ± 1.15 | 26.79 ± 17.07 | <0.001 |
| OAI (events/h) | 0.40 ± 0.14 | 8.95 ± 8.55 | <0.001 |
| ODI (events/h) | 3.30 ± 1.11 | 22.73 ± 15.05 | <0.001 |
| MSpO2 (%) | 96.38 ± 1.05 | 94.02 ± 1.28 | <0.001 |
| LSpO2 (%) | 90.17 ± 1.89 | 80.84 ± 4.21 | <0.001 |
| CT90 (%) | 0.11 ± 0.05 | 4.91 ± 5.68 | <0.001 |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Hypertension (n, %) | 22 (17.6) | 54 (43.2) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes (n, %) | 35 (28.0) | 47 (27.6) | 0.105 |
| Hyperlipidemia (n, %) | 26 (20.8) | 44 (35.2) | 0.016 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.58 ± 4.85 | 30.36 ± 5.46 | <0.001 |
| DED (n, %) | 71 (56.8) | 53 (42.4) | 0.016 |
| Sleep quality | |||
| PSQI score | 6.36 ± 3.77 | 8.10 ± 4.21 | <0.001 |
| Poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5, n, %) | 80 (64.0) | 58 (46.4) | 0.007 |
| Components of PSQI | |||
| Subjective sleep quality | 0.88 ± 0.88 | 1.20 ± 0.95 | 0.004 |
| Sleep duration | 0.89 ± 0.85 | 1.16 ± 0.88 | 0.010 |
| Sleep latency | 0.99 ± 1.00 | 1.08 ± 0.91 | 0.432 |
| Sleep efficacy | 0.86 ± 0.83 | 1.06 ± 0.98 | 0.076 |
| Sleep disturbance | 0.82 ± 0.81 | 1.15 ± 0.92 | 0.002 |
| Sleep aid medication | 0.84 ± 0.84 | 1.09 ± 0.86 | 0.022 |
| sleep-related daytime problems | 1.08 ± 0.91 | 1.36 ± 0.95 | 0.014 |
Comparison among groups was calculated using unpaired t-test and chi-square exact test. The comparisons with statistical differences were marked in bold.