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. 2022 Nov 12;87(5):1632–1643. doi: 10.1007/s00426-022-01766-9

Table 2.

A linear mixed effects regression model of task-relatedness and freedom of movement thought dimension predicting momentary affect

IVa βb SEc 95% CIc χ2(1)d pd
TR  − 0.26 0.03 [− 0.31, − 0.21] 99.38  < 0.001
FM 0.10 0.03 [0.05, 0.15] 17.32  < 0.001
TR × FM 0.04 0.02 [0.001, 0.08] 3.97 0.046
TR at non-FM  − 0.28 0.07 [− 0.41, − 0.14] 16.19  < 0.001
TR at FM  − 0.09 0.06 [− 0.22, 0.04] 1.97 0.160

The first three rows present the three independent variables’ effects on the dependent variable of momentary affect (ranging from 1 = extremely negative to 7 = extremely positive). The three fixed effects independent variables included task-relatedness (TR; ranging from 1 = completely on-task to 7 = completely off-task), freedom of movement (FM; ranging from 1 = not at all freely moving to 7 = extremely freely moving), and their interaction (TR x FM). The last two rows present results from two linear mixed effects regression models that follows up on the significant TR x FM interaction effect, testing the effect of task-relatedness on affect separately implemented for thoughts that are not freely moving (non-FM; below 4 on the scale) and freely moving (FM; above 4 on the scale)

aIV = independent variables

bβ = standardized coefficient

cSE = standard error of the mean and 95% CI = confidence interval, associated with the standardized coefficient

dp-value associated with the χ2-statistic, which tests the current model against a null model without the independent variable of interest