Kumar 2017.

Study characteristics
Methods	RCT
Participants	60 preterm infants (birth weight 1000–2500 g) with respiratory distress treated with CPAP (pressure source not stated) as primary support or postextubation
Interventions	Mask (manufacturer not stated): n = 30 Prongs (manufacturer not stated): n = 30
Outcomes	Treatment failure (persistent hypoxia, worsening respiratory distress, frequent apnoea, acidaemia within 72 hours of CPAP) Death before discharge Duration of CPAP use Duration of hospitalisation Nasal trauma Pneumothorax
Notes	Setting: New Delhi, India (dates not stated, likely early 2010s) Funding: not stated
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Computer‐generated.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not stated.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Open label.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All participants randomised were analysed and reported.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	No access to protocol but unlikely (comprehensive).
Other bias	Low risk	No evidence imbalance in baseline demographics.