Table 2.
Clinical Analysis of the Targeted Metagenomics Sequencing-based Approach and Cultures
| Sensitivity, % (95% CI interval) |
Specificity, % (95% CI) |
Negative Predictive Value, % (95% CI) |
Positive Predictive Value, % (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All samples, n = 579 | ||||
| Cultures | 42 (37–47) | 100 (98–100) | 55 (50–60) | 99 (96–100) |
| Targeted metagenomics | 53a (47–58) | 98 (95–99) | 60 (55–65) | 97 (94–99) |
| Cultures and/or targeted metagenomics | 63 a (58–68) | 98 (95–99) | 65 (60–70) | 98 (95–99) |
| Tissue samples, n = 281 | ||||
| Cultures | 40 (33–46) | 99 (92–100) | 34 (28–41) | 99 (94–100) |
| Targeted metagenomics | 51 a (45–58) | 97 (90–99) | 38 (31–46) | 98 (94–100) |
| Cultures and/or targeted metagenomics | 64 a (57–70) | 97 (90–99) | 46 (38–54) | 99 (95–100) |
| Fluid samples, n = 298 | ||||
| Cultures | 43 (35–52) | 100 (98–100) | 71 (65–77) | 100 (93–100) |
| Targeted metagenomics | 55 a (46–64) | 98 (95–100) | 76 (70–81) | 96 (88–99) |
| Cultures and/or targeted metagenomics | 61 a (52–69) | 98 (95–100) | 78 (72–83) | 96 (89–99) |
| Antibiotics received administered in the 4 weeks before sampling, n = 269 | ||||
| Cultures | 39 (33–46) | 98 (90–100) | 29 (23–36) | 99 (94–100) |
| Targeted metagenomics | 57 a (50–63) | 95 (85–99) | 36 (29–44) | 98 (93–99) |
| Cultures and/or targeted metagenomics | 65 a (59–71) | 95 (85–99) | 41 (33–50) | 98 (94–99) |
| No antibiotics received administered in the 4 weeks before sampling, n = 310 | ||||
| Cultures | 46 (37–54) | 100 (98-100) | 74 (68–79) | 100 (94–100) |
| Targeted metagenomics | 46 (38–55) | 99 (96–100) | 74 (68–79) | 97 (88–99) |
| Cultures and/or targeted metagenomics | 59 a (50–67) | 99 (96–100) | 78 (73–83) | 97 (91–100) |
Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.
P < .001 compared to cultures.