Figure 1.

Geroplasticity resolved to the balance of rejuvenins and geriatrins. (A) At the beginning of life rejuvenins provide cell homeostasis whereas, later in life, loss of rejuvenins and escalating levels of geriatrins lead to aging and age-related disorders. (C) Akin to atrophy caused by withdrawal of trophic factors, aging is caused by declined levels of rejuvenins and increased levels of geriatrins. For example, increase in Hcys leads to cortical atrophy (16). (D) Aging leads to an increase in epigenetic age, whereas the diverse rejuvenation strategies drive down the epigenetic age (17-18).