. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Ann Dyslexia. 2021 Jul 13;72(2):361–383. doi: 10.1007/s11881-021-00239-9

Table 4.

Hierarchical regression explaining variance in reading comprehension

	Std β	t	p	R	R²	ΔR²
Step 1				0.825	0.681
Intercept		− 0.63	.533
Age	0.78	11.89	< .001
Parental education	− 0.01	− 0.10	.924
Reading impaired?	− 0.64	− 9.02	< .001
Step 2				0.880	0.755	0.094
Intercept		− 1.68	.098
Age	0.36	3.73	< .001
Parental education	− 0.02	− 0.39	.696
Reading impaired?	− 0.36	− 4.67	< .001
Vocabulary	0.19	2.19	.032
Decoding	0.39	4.96	< .001
Step 3				0.911	0.830	0.056
Intercept		− 2.56	.012
Age	0.21	2.32	.023
Parental education	− 0.01	− 0.23	.817
Reading impaired?	− 0.29	− 4.14	< .001
Vocabulary	0.12	1.56	.123
Decoding	0.26	3.60	.001
Morphological awareness	0.29	3.54	.001
fNIRS task accuracy	0.13	2.33	.022

N = 87 with complete data. Final F(7, 80) = 55.94, p < .001