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. 2022 Nov 15;13:6957. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-34698-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — A VZV DNA copy number was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from swabs taken from the HZ rash site at the indicated time frames (D = day) after HZ onset. B Net frequency of CD4 T cells in PBMC with VZV-specific interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and/or interleukin 2 (IL-2) responses. C Serum IgG responses to mixed VZV glycoproteins measured by ELISA at a serum dilution of 1:1280. D Complement-dependent VZV microneutralization titer of sera over time. Panels show conserved color dots representing each study subject and the median (solid line) levels of analyte within each time point. Unadjusted two-tailed p values from multiple Wilcoxon tests to compare sequential time points are shown. Number of subjects tested per time point: D30, n = 18 (A); D45, n = 17 (A–D); D60, n = 17 (C, D); D90, n = 17 (A–D); D360, n = 11 (A–D), D500 (C, D). Abs OD₄₅₀, absorbance optical density at 450 nanometers. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.