Fig. 3. Energy system emissions and energy use in the four illustrative pathways.
The left panels a, c, e, and g show annual carbon emissions associated with the energy system under the median-EROI scenario. Energy system emissions are divided between three types of energy conversion technologies: fossil fuels, bioenergy, and low-carbon technologies that include renewables, hydrogen, and nuclear energy. The right panels b, d, f, and h show the final energy consumption in the pathways.