Skip to main content
. 2022 Nov 14;13:6754. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-34095-x

Fig. 2. Chronic effects of the mitochondrial substrate pyruvate on insulin secretion.

Fig. 2

a Schematic showing where methyl pyruvate (Me-pyruvate) enters metabolism. b, c Insulin secretion (b) and insulin content (c) in LG- and HG-cells, or cells cultured with 20 mM methyl pyruvate for 48 h (PYR) (n = 3 biologically independent experiments). d, e mRNA levels for the indicated genes involved in glycolytic (d) and mitochondrial (e) metabolism assessed by qPCR in LG- and HG-cells, or cells cultured with 20 mM methyl pyruvate for 48 h (Pfkl, Pdk1, Idh2, Mdh2, Ndufa4 and Ndufs8, n = 3 biologically independent experiments; Pfkfb2, Pfkfb3, Aldob and Eno1, n = 4 biologically independent experiments; Sdha, n = 5 biologically independent experiments). All panels show individual data points and mean ± s.e.m. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. LG-cells (black), HG-cells (red), PYR-cells (purple). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.