Figure 5.

GC B cells are required for effective serum immunity following ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination

(A) Rag2^−/− recipient bone marrow chimera mice experiment overview.

(B) Day 14 median flow cytometry plots for mILN GC B cell staining (gated as KI67⁺ CD38⁻), pre-gated on live, single, CD19⁺ B220⁺ cells.

(C) Total number and relative frequency of mILN GC B cells after immunization at indicated time points.

(D) Day 14 median flow cytometry plots for mILN TFH cell staining, pre-gated on live, single, CD4⁺ FOXP3⁻, CD44⁺ CD62L⁻ cells.

(E) Total number and relative frequency of mILN TFH cells after immunization at indicated time points.

(F) Day 14 confocal microscopy of mILNs from Cd23^+/+Bcl6^fl/fl and Cd23^cre/+Bcl6^fl/fl mice.

(G) Serum anti-spike and anti-RBD IgG antibodies at day 42 post-immunization.

(H) SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers in sera were determined by micro-neutralization test, expressed as reciprocal serum dilution to inhibit pseudotyped virus entry by 80% (IC80). Dashed lines represent upper and lower detection limits.

For each time point and condition, n = 5–7, respectively, per group. For (C) and (E), multiple Mann-Whitney tests per row were used, with p values corrected for multiple comparison analysis with the Holm-Šídák method. For (G) and (H), Mann-Whitney tests were used. In bar graphs, each symbol represents a biological replicate, bar height the mean, and the error bars the standard deviation. Data are representative of two individual experiments.