Table 3.

Efficacy outcomes in participants receiving early rhythm control or usual care

Outcome	Early rhythm-control (n=874)	Usual care (n=8817)	HR (95% CI)	P-value
Composite efficacy outcome	5.72	6.92	0.82 (0.71 to 0.94)	0.005
Cardiovascular mortality	1.03	1.07	0.93 (0.68 to 1.27)	0.657
Stroke/TIA	1.17	1.23	0.93 (0.70 to 1.25)	0.642
Acute coronary syndrome	0.68	0.98	0.68 (0.47 to 0.99)	0.046
Worsening of heart failure	3.89	4.74	0.82 (0.70 to 0.97)	0.018
Nights spent in hospital per year*	3.14±6.71	3.76±11.89		<0.001
Propensity-score matching

Outcome	Early rhythm control (n=868)	Usual care (n=868)	HR (95% CI)	P value
Composite efficacy outcome	5.73	6.60	0.87 (0.72 to 1.04)	0.124
Cardiovascular mortality	1.04	1.33	0.78 (0.52 to 1.16)	0.224
Stroke/TIA	1.16	1.37	0.85 (0.57 to 1.25)	0.403
Acute coronary syndrome	0.66	1.01	0.66 (0.41 to 1.08)	0.096
Worsening of heart failure	3.93	4.09	0.96 (0.77 to 1.21)	0.743
Nights spent in hospital per year	3.14±6.70	2.88±7.41		<0.001

Event rates are reported as events per 100 patient years. Composite efficacy outcome defined as cardiovascular death, stroke/TIA, hospitalisation for worsening heart failure or acute coronary syndrome.

P-values<0.05 were considered significant.

TIA, transient ischaemic attack.