Table 2.

Themes and subthemes

Themes	Subthemes
Importance of clinician–patient relationship	GPs’ professional relationship with their patients Providing opportunistic CSTs Other clinician–patient relationships Self-collection HPV tests
Patients’ cultural understanding regarding healthcare and CCS	Lack of awareness and knowledge Lower priority for cancer screening Not on patients’ agenda Patients’ subjective beliefs and perceptions of low risk COVID-19 pandemic Importance of patients’ individual circumstances Patient concerns surrounding physical examination Influence of relatives Previous sexual trauma
Communication and language	Language difficulties Interpreter use Use of appropriate resources
Health system related	Increased time needed Access to appointments Funding Health promotion Use of practice management system