FIGURE 5.

Infographic summary of pathologic mechanism of cardiovascular toxicity following a long‐term intake of ASP at high doses. Hydrolysis of ASP in the gut results in releasing and absorption of methanol. An increase in blood levels of methanol leads to an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants (oxidative stress statute). Induction of oxidative stress leads to molecular and cellular damages in cardiac tissue which causes cell death (necrosis and apoptosis). Myocardial cell death can lead to myocardial inflammation and fibrosis.