Table 3.

Relationship between risk of all-cause mortality with BMD or PMA Quartiles in COPDGene study participants with mild to very severe COPD (N = 4248)

Model1	Hazard Ratio	95% CI	p-value	r
Model 1: BMD				0.72
Highest vs Lowest	0.64	0.52–0.80	< 0.001
3rd quartile vs Lowest	0.77	0.63–0.93	0.0072
2nd quartile vs Lowest	0.81	0.68–0.96	0.026
Model 2: PMA				0.73
Highest vs Lowest	0.54	0.43–0.68	< 0.001
3rd quartile vs Lowest	0.52	0.42–0.64	< 0.001
2nd quartile vs Lowest	0.78	0.66–0.93	0.0058
Model 3: BMD and PMA				0.74
BMD
Highest vs Lowest	0.75	0.60–0.93	0.0089
3rd quartile vs Lowest	0.83	0.68–1.01	0.062
2nd quartile vs Lowest	0.85	0.71–1.02	0.089
PMA
Highest vs Lowest	0.58	0.46–0.73	< 0.001
3rd quartile vs Lowest	0.54	0.44–0.67	< 0.001
2nd quartile vs Lowest	0.79	0.67–0.95	0.012

BMD, bone mineral density; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; PMA, pectoralis muscle area

¹Adjusted for pack years, gender, FEV1 percent predicted, categorical BMI, categorical comorbidities, and severe exacerbations