Table 1.

Various biomarkers with diagnostic implications in different cancers

Biomarker	Diagnosis type of cancer	Methodology	References
miR-21 miR24 Let-7b Let-7e	Non-small cell lung cancer	Surface plasmon resonance	[43, 44]
miR-17-sp miR-130a-3p miR-340-5p miR-93-5p	Breast cancer	Surface plasmon resonance	[45, 46]
miR-10b	Pancreatic cancer	Surface plasmon resonance	[47–49]
miR-let-7a	Hepatocellular cancer Human cancer cells	Electrochemical biosensors	[50–52]
miR-let-7a	Multiple cancer type	Photoelectrochemical sensor	[52, 53]
miR1229	Colorectal cancer	Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis	[54–56]
miR-1246	Multiple cancer types	Enzyme-free quantum dot electrochemical biosensor	[57]
miR-150	Colorectal cancer Gastric cancer Acute myeloid leukemia Lung cancer	Graphene/carbon quantum dot base Nano-bio sensors Electrochemical Biosensors	[58, 59] [59] [16, 44, 60]
miR-21	Lung cancer	Fluorescence light- up biosensors Microfluidic paper base visual/electrochemical biosensor	[19, 61]
miR-223	Ovarian cancer	DNA hydrogel-based electrochemical biosensors MiRNA based biosensors	[62, 63]
miR-23a	Pancreatic cancer	Photo-electrochemical biosensors	[62]