TABLE 2.
The “long” list of components identified in beef meat and crickets (selection made through the NovRBA case study).
Nutrients | Microbiological hazards | Chemical hazards | ||||
| ||||||
Crickets and beef | Crickets | Beef | Crickets | Beef | ||
Macronutrients: Carbohydrates Fiber Fiber IDF (insoluble) Fiber SDF (soluble) Minerals: Aluminum Calcium Chloride Chromium Copper Iodine Iron Magnesium Manganese Potassium Selenium Sodium Sulfur Zinc |
Vitamins: Folate Niacin Pantothenic acid Retinol Thiamin Cyanocobalamin Riboflavin Pyridoxine Vitamin C Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) Vitamin E (alpha-Tocopherol) Fatty acids: Total MUFAs Total PUFAs Total n-3 fatty acids Total n-6 fatty acids Total SFA |
Sterols: Cholesterol Amino acids: Alanine Cystine/cysteine Histidine* Lysine* Methionine* Phenylalanine* Tryptophan* |
Bacteria: B. Cereus Campylobacter spp. C. Botulinum C. perfringens Cronobacter sakazakii EHEC Listeria monocytogenes Salmonella S. aureus Vibrio sp. Yersinia enterocolitica Virus: HVA Norovirus Metabolites: Histamine |
Bacteria: B. Cereus Campylobacter spp. C. perfringens Cronobacter sakazakii EHEC Listeria monocytogenes Salmonella S. aureus (rare, human origin) Yersinia enterocolitica Virus: Hepatitis E Norovirus (human origin) Rotavirus (human origin) Parasites: Cryptosporidium spp. (veals) Toxoplasma gondii |
POPs: Total PCB (organochlorine compounds) Phosphorous flame retardants (PFR, organochlorine compounds) Oxychlordane (OCD, flame retardant) Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE, flame retardant) Metals: Mercury Cadmium Lead Inorganic arsenic Aluminum Nickel Chromium Pesticides: (presence of 10 pesticides) |
POPs: Total PCB Dioxin + dl-PCBs Organochlorine compounds (chlordane, hexachlorobenzene, dieldrin, lindane, DDT) Metals: (Methyl)mercury Cadmium Lead Inorganic arsenic Aluminum Nickel Chromium Pesticides: [organochlorine compounds listed above] Neoformed compounds or process contaminants: PAH |